Non-Similar Analysis of Nanofluids Flows under the Consequences of Mixed Convection with Lorentz Forces over Stretching/Shrinking Surface

Exploration and exploitation of heat transfer through convection are becoming of prime interest for the research community because of various applications of convection heat transfer in industrial processes, modern engineering technologies, geological phenomena, and medical sectors. The key objective of this convective analysis is to explore the impacts of nanofluid flow based on Cu/H2O and Al2O3/H2O nanoparticles. The mixed convection in a stagnation-point flow on a permeable shrinking/stretching surface subjected to heat source/sink and magnetic field effects is investigated. Non-linear convection partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to describe the physical model. In this study, suitable non-similar transformations are adapted to convert the dimensional PDEs into dimensionless PDEs. The validity and range of the presented results is described by comparison and range tables, respectively. With application of the local non-similarity method (LNS), the dimensionless PDEs are approximated by truncated ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of high accuracy. The ODEs are numerically sorted out via well established approaches such as finite-difference-based bvp4c. Furthermore, the notable behavior of appropriate parameters on the temperature and velocity profiles is illustrated through graphs and tabulated presentations. The drag force and heat transfer between the moving fluid and a solid body are estimated numerically in the form of the skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number. The thermal profile is observed to be enhanced with increase in the nanoparticle volume fraction. Moreover, the obtained results show that increase in the magnetic number raises the magnitude of the skin friction coefficient, while reducing the Nusselt number. The velocity profile of the nanofluid enhances with respect to the mixed convection parameter. Researchers working on the numerical simulation of nanofluids flow might find the current study to be helpful. To the best of the authors' understanding, the non-similar analysis for the problem considered has not been discussed in the literature yet.

Automated summary

This study explores the impact of Cu/H2O and Al2O3/H2O nanofluid flow on mixed convection and investigates the convective phenomena on a permeable shrinking/stretching surface subjected to heat source/sink and magnetic field effects. The results show that the increase in nanoparticle volume fraction enhances the thermal profile, while an increase in the magnetic number raises the magnitude of the skin friction coefficient and reduces the Nusselt number.