Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) synthesis methods, surface functionalization, and drug delivery applications: A review

g-C3N4 has been employed in a variety of fields such as photocatalytic reactions for hydrogen generation, energy production, environmental remediation, and microbial disinfection. Currently, numerous works are dedicated to the biomedical usage of g-C3N4 thanks to its thermal, chemical, and electrical stability, its particular surface activity, biocompatibility, and viability. This paper provided a thorough review of the structure, characteristics, and approaches towards functionalizing the surface and fabricating techniques of g-C3N4 and its composites as an appropriate element for drug delivery purposes, especially for cancer therapy with controlled and responsive drug release behavior.

Automated summary

g-C3N4 has been widely employed in fields such as photocatalytic reactions, energy production, environmental remediation, and microbial disinfection. Its potential biomedical applications have drawn considerable attention due to its thermal, chemical, and electrical stability, unique surface activity, biocompatibility, and viability. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the structure, characteristics, and fabrication techniques of g-C3N4 and its composites, focusing on its application as a drug delivery element for controlled and responsive drug release behavior in cancer therapy.