Bonding mechanism of botanical concrete: Microstructural changes between waste concrete powder and wood

An in-depth understanding of the bonding mechanism of botanical concrete (BC) can facilitate its development and improve its performance. For this purpose, six hot-pressed BC samples comprising mixtures of wood with concrete powder, carbonated concrete, and sand were prepared in this study. The effects of individual and synergistic interactions in the prepared mixtures on the microstructure during hot-pressing were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state cross-polarization/magic angle spinning 13C nuclear mag-netic resonance, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry analyses revealed the absence of such interactions. Only self-degradation of concrete and wood was observed, and the alkalinity of concrete waste favored BC bonding. Furthermore, principal component analysis indicated that the effect of the alkalinity of concrete on wood was more significant than that of temperature. These results indicate that combining BC with alkaline industrial wastes or novel geopolymers can improve its applicability.

Automated summary

An in-depth understanding of the bonding mechanism of botanical concrete (BC) is crucial for improving its performance and development. The study found that the alkalinity and temperature have significant effects on the bonding of BC, with alkalinity playing a more important role. Combining BC with alkaline industrial wastes or novel geopolymers can enhance its applicability.