ZIF-8-Derived Dual Metal (Fe, Ni)-Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon for Superior ORR Performance in Universal Acid-Base Properties Solutions

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Low-PGM and PGM-Free Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Stability Challenges and Material Solutions

Lei Du et al.

Summary: Fuel cells are gaining popularity as a clean energy technology, but challenges in cost reduction and integration of low-PGM catalysts remain significant barriers to their development.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Zeolotic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) derived porous carbon: A review from crystal growth & green synthesis to oxygen reduction reaction activity

Mohamed Ali Mohamud et al.

Summary: This review outlines the importance of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, as well as the recent developments in materials derived from nitrogen doped carbons (N-C) or zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIFs) in improving ORR. Porous carbon supports derived from ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 are widely used as ORR electrocatalysts and/or supports in the literature.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Anomalous collapses of Nares Strait ice arches leads to enhanced export of Arctic sea ice

G. W. K. Moore et al.

Summary: Ice arches at the northern and southern ends of Nares Strait, a key passage in the Arctic, are forming for shorter durations, leading to increased ice transport and accelerating the export of multi-year ice.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Identification of durable and non-durable FeNx sites in Fe-N-C materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Jingkun Li et al.

Summary: Fe-N-C materials show promise as an alternative to platinum in acidic polymer fuel cells, but limited understanding of their operando degradation hinders rational approaches to improved durability. Two distinct FeNx sites in the catalysts degrade differently during the oxygen reduction reaction, with one site substantially contributing after 50 hours of operation.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly Accessible Atomically Dispersed Fe-Nx Sites Electrocatalyst for Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Jianing Guo et al.

Summary: The study introduces a facile method for synthesizing atomically dispersed Fe-N-x species on hierarchically porous carbon nanostructures as an efficient and stable catalyst for oxygen reduction in acidic media for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The designed hierarchical pore structure facilitates mass transport and utilization of active sites, leading to higher power density in devices.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances in synergistically enhanced single-atomic site catalysts for boosted oxygen reduction reaction

Xiaoqian Wei et al.

Summary: The development of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with high activity and cost-effectiveness is crucial for sustainable energy storage and conversion technologies. Carbon-based single-atomic site (SAS) catalysts, with maximum atomic efficiency and well-defined structure characteristics, are considered as the most potential next-generation ORR catalysts. The addition of synergistic components is desirable to accurately tune the interactions and provide the SAS with an optimal local environment to enhance performance.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pyrolyzed M-Nx catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction: progress and prospects

Ergui Luo et al.

Summary: Recent research efforts on cost-effective catalysts in fuel cells, especially on the cathode, have shown promising advancements in the development of M-N-x/C materials. The focus has been on clarifying the nature of catalytic sites and utilizing advanced characterization tools to optimize synthesis methodologies. Future directions aim to achieve rational and controllable synthesis of catalysts with sufficient active sites and strategies to mitigate catalyst degradation.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface site density and utilization of platinum group metal (PGM)-free Fe-NC and FeNi-NC electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

Fang Luo et al.

Summary: The study investigates the active accessible sites of mono- and bimetallic Fe-NC and FeNi-NC catalysts, revealing that nickel hinders the formation of active sites, resulting in a sharp reduction in accessible metal site density. Additionally, the study uses the site density utilization factor phi(SDsurface/bulk) as a measure of metal site dispersion in PGM-free ORR catalysts.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical