☆ 4.7 Review

The Role of Molecular and Hormonal Factors in Obesity and the Effects of Physical Activity in Children

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Summary: Obesity and metabolic disorders pose threats to human health. The extracellular matrix (ECM) in the adipose microenvironment plays an important role, but the specific functions of each ECM component are not fully understood. Glucose and lipid metabolic disorders were observed in mice and humans with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Inflammatory factors and hormones were elevated in the serum of HFD-fed mice. Multiple ECM components were upregulated in obese white adipose tissue (WAT), with stronger effects in subcutaneous WAT than visceral WAT in mice, but the fat depot difference was reversed in humans. ECM remodeling and adipocyte morphology changes were observed in HFD-induced obesity. ECM genes in human visceral WAT showed positive correlations with blood lipids and glucose. In vitro experiments revealed the involvement of specific ECM proteins in adipocyte differentiation. Macromolecular crowders (MMC) and oleic acid (OA) had differential effects on ECM protein expression and adipocyte characteristics. Positive correlations were found between ECM genes and adipogenesis-related genes in adipocytes. In conclusion, ECM remodeling induced by obesogens such as HFD is closely related to adipogenesis and can serve as an indicator of obesity and metabolic disorders.

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Low leptin levels are associated with elevated physical activity among lean school children in rural Tanzania

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Influences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Obesity and Weight-Related Behaviors among Chinese Children: A Multi-Center Longitudinal Study

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Summary: COVID-19-related lockdown measures have led to an increase in childhood obesity and changes in weight-related behaviors among Chinese children. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen during the pandemic, accompanied by a decrease in physical activity and sleep duration, increased screen time, and reduced consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. Factors such as ethnic minority status, older age, less physical activity, shorter sleep duration, and longer screen time have been positively associated with obesity.

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Summary: This systematic review sheds light on the unique features of metabolic abnormalities in obese children, including differential alterations in lipid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism, revealing early-life dysbiosis and immunometabolism, as well as aberrant levels of several amino acids.

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays versus weekend days: a multi-country analysis

Keith Brazendale et al.

Summary: The study compared children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels on weekdays versus weekend days and found that children from multiple countries/regions accumulated significantly more physical activity on weekdays during school months. This suggests a need for intervention studies to prioritize less-structured days, like weekends, to promote physical activity among children.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (2021)

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Joerg Heeren et al.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Summary: This study revealed that mice with a null mutation in the LAMA4 gene exhibit resistance to obesity and increased expression of thermogenic fat markers in WAT. The levels of ITA7 and LAMA4 decreased during adipose-derived stem cell differentiation into beige fat, with ITA7 playing a crucial role in beige adipose formation.

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Resting Energy Expenditure Is Not Altered in Children and Adolescents with Obesity. Effect of Age and Gender and Association with Serum Leptin Levels

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NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, but not sedentary behavior, are associated with carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents

Antonio Ascenso et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

New insight on obesity and adipose-derived stem cells using comprehensive metabolomics

Annalaura Mastrangelo et al.

BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2016)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Adipose extracellular matrix remodelling in obesity and insulin resistance

De Lin et al.

BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2016)

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Review Cell Biology

Lactate, a Neglected Factor for Diabetes and Cancer Interaction

Yong Wu et al.

MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Genome-wide associations for birth weight and correlations with adult disease

Momoko Horikoshi et al.

NATURE (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comprehensive Map of Molecules Implicated in Obesity

Jaisri Jagannadham et al.

PLOS ONE (2016)

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Article Cell Biology

The Adipose Transcriptional Response to Insulin Is Determined by Obesity, Not Insulin Sensitivity

Mikael Ryden et al.

CELL REPORTS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Insulin resistance is associated with altered amino acid metabolism and adipose tissue dysfunction in normoglycemic women

Petri Wiklund et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular Regulation of Adipogenesis and Potential Anti-Adipogenic Bioactive Molecules

Dorothy Moseti et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2016)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Integration of reward signalling and appetite regulating peptide systems in the control of food-cue responses

A. C. Reichelt et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2015)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Hunger Genes: Pathways to Obesity

Agatha A. van der Klaauw et al.

CELL (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adiponectin-Mediated Antilipotoxic Effects in Regenerating Pancreatic Islets

Risheng Ye et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY (2015)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Runx2: Structure, function, and phosphorylation in osteoblast differentiation

S. Vimalraj et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2015)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

A genome-wide association study of body mass index across early life and childhood

Nicole M. Warrington et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genome-Wide Expression in Visceral Adipose Tissue from Obese Prepubertal Children

Concepcion M. Aguilera et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Physiology of leptin: energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine function and metabolism

Hyeong-Kyu Park et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2015)

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Review Cell Biology

The sexual dimorphism of obesity

Biff F. Palmer et al.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY (2015)

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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution

Dmitry Shungin et al.

NATURE (2015)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology

Adam E. Locke et al.

NATURE (2015)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

FTO Obesity Variant Circuitry and Adipocyte Browning in Humans

Melina Claussnitzer et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2015)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The extracellular matrix and insulin resistance

Ashley S. Williams et al.

TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2015)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Control of adipocyte differentiation in different fat depots; implications for pathophysiology or therapy

Xiuquan Ma et al.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adipose tissue gene expression and metabolic health of obese adults

S. K. Das et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2015)

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Review Economics

The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture

Adela Hruby et al.

PHARMACOECONOMICS (2015)

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Article Pediatrics

Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A. Javed et al.

PEDIATRIC OBESITY (2015)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity: a meta-analysis

Jing Yan et al.

BMC PUBLIC HEALTH (2014)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Leptin Mediates the Increase in Blood Pressure Associated with Obesity

Stephanie E. Simonds et al.

CELL (2014)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

What We Talk About When We Talk About Fat

Evan D. Rosen et al.

CELL (2014)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adipocyte morphology and implications for metabolic derangements in acquired obesity

S. Heinonen et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2014)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Association study of common polymorphisms in MSRA, TFAP2B, MC4R, NRXN3, PPARGC1A, TMEM18, SEC16B, HOXB5 and OLFM4 genes with obesity-related traits among Portuguese children

David Albuquerque et al.

JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS (2014)

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Article Cell Biology

Transcriptome analysis of human adipocytes implicates the NOD-like receptor pathway in obesity-induced adipose inflammation

Zheng Yin et al.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY (2014)

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Article Cell Biology

An integrin β3-KRAS-RalB complex drives tumour stemness and resistance to EGFR inhibition

Laetitia Seguin et al.

NATURE CELL BIOLOGY (2014)

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Review Cell Biology

Remodelling the extracellular matrix in development and disease

Caroline Bonnans et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2014)

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Overweight and Obesity Epidemic in Developing Countries: A Problem with Diet, Physical Activity, or Socioeconomic Status?

Trishnee Bhurosy et al.

TheScientificWorldJOURNAL (2014)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

PPARγ and the global map of adipogenesis and beyond

Martina I. Lefterova et al.

TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2014)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Circulating leptin levels are associated with physical activity or physical fitness in Japanese

Nobuyuki Miyatake et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2014)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Oxygen Consumption and Usage During Physical Exercise: The Balance Between Oxidative Stress and ROS-Dependent Adaptive Signaling

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ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) Signaling Requires αvβ3-IGF1-IGF Type 1 Receptor (IGF1R) Ternary Complex Formation in Anchorage Independence, and the Complex Formation Does Not Require IGF1R and Src Activation

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effect of metabolic syndrome risk factors and MMP-2 genetic variations on circulating MMP-2 levels in childhood obesity

Vanessa A. Belo et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2013)

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Article Cell Biology

Bi-directional interconversion of brite and white adipocytes

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NATURE CELL BIOLOGY (2013)

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Review Cell Biology

Talins and kindlins: partners in integrin-mediated adhesion

David A. Calderwood et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2013)

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Article Pediatrics

Leptin predicts a decline in moderate to vigorous physical activity in minority female children at risk for obesity

B. R. Belcher et al.

PEDIATRIC OBESITY (2013)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Adipose tissue gene expression analysis reveals changes in inflammatory, mitochondrial respiratory and lipid metabolic pathways in obese insulin-resistant subjects

Jarkko Soronen et al.

BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 genetic variations affect MMP-9 levels in obese children

V. A. Belo et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2012)

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Article Physiology

Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Pediatrics

Physical Activity, Fitness, and Serum Leptin Concentrations in Adolescents

David Jimenez-Pavon et al.

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Down-Regulation of Type I Runx2 Mediated by Dexamethasone Is Required for 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis

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MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY (2012)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Actividad física y factores de riesgo cardiovascular de niños españoles de 11-13 años

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REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (2012)

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Article Cell Biology

Consecutive Positive Feedback Loops Create a Bistable Switch that Controls Preadipocyte-to-Adipocyte Conversion

Byung Ouk Park et al.

CELL REPORTS (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Variability in the Heritability of Body Mass Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression

Cathy E. Elks et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology (2012)

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Article Pediatrics

Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity

T. J. Cole et al.

PEDIATRIC OBESITY (2012)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Comparison of Aerobic Versus Resistance Exercise Training Effects on Metabolic Syndrome (from the Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention Through Defined Exercise - STRRIDE-AT/RT)

Lori A. Bateman et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2011)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Metalloproteinases in metabolic syndrome

Gabriela Berg et al.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2011)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Physical Activity Advice Only or Structured Exercise Training and Association With HbA1c Levels in Type 2 Diabetes A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Daniel Umpierre et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2011)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular Mechanism for Adiponectin-dependent M2 Macrophage Polarization LINK BETWEEN THE METABOLIC AND INNATE IMMUNE ACTIVITY OF FULL-LENGTH ADIPONECTIN

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2011)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Crosstalk between integrin and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in breast carcinoma progression

Young Hwa Soung et al.

BMB REPORTS (2010)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Adipocyte extracellular matrix composition, dynamics and role in obesity

Edwin C. M. Mariman et al.

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES (2010)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The genetic and environmental influences on childhood obesity: a systematic review of twin and adoption studies

K. Silventoinen et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2010)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adaptive thermogenesis in humans

M. Rosenbaum et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2010)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Adiponectin Promotes Macrophage Polarization toward an Anti-inflammatory Phenotype

Koji Ohashi et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2010)

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Article Cell Biology

Syndecan-1 couples the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor to inside-out integrin activation

DeannaLee M. Beauvais et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE (2010)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Childhood obesity: are genetic differences involved?

Claude Bouchard

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2009)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

High Incidence of Metabolically Active Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthy Adult Humans Effects of Cold Exposure and Adiposity

Masayuki Saito et al.

DIABETES (2009)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The presence of UCP1 demonstrates that metabolically active adipose tissue in the neck of adult humans truly represents brown adipose tissue

Maria Cristina Zingaretti et al.

FASEB JOURNAL (2009)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Matrix metalloproteinases: their potential role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy

Kathryn M. Thrailkill et al.

ENDOCRINE (2009)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Global transcript profiles of fat in monozygotic twins discordant for BMI:: Pathways behind acquired obesity

Kirsi H. Pietilainen et al.

PLOS MEDICINE (2008)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase modulates the activated phenotype of hepatic stellate cells

Alessandra Caligiuri et al.

HEPATOLOGY (2008)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Elevated matrix metalloproteinase 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 in obese children and adolescents

Barbara Glowinska-Olszewska et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2007)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Signaling and transcriptional regulation in osteoblast commitment and differentiation

Wei Huang et al.

FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK (2007)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Structure and function of matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs

H Nagase et al.

CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH (2006)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Metabolic actions of adipocyte hormones: Focus on adiponectin

Rexford S. Ahima

OBESITY (2006)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Adiponectin inhibits endothelial synthesis of interleukin-8

C Kobashi et al.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2005)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Adiponectin - journey from an adipocyte secretory protein to biomarker of the metabolic syndrome

ME Trujillo et al.

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2005)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix, and Adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans

JN Fain et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY (2004)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Phenotypic effects of leptin replacement on morbid obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypogonadism, and behavior in leptin-deficient adults

J Licinio et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2004)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Leptin regulation of the thyroids:: Negative regulation on thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid subjects and inhibitory effects on iodide uptake and Na+/I- symporter mRNA expression in rat FRTL-5 cells

O Isozaki et al.

ENDOCRINE JOURNAL (2004)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Adiponectin specifically increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 through interleukin-10 expression in human macrophages

M Kumada et al.

CIRCULATION (2004)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects

T Yamauchi et al.

NATURE (2003)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Regulation of integrin growth factor interactions in oligodendrocytes by lipid raft microdomains

W Baron et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2003)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Integrins: Bidirectional, allosteric signaling machines

RO Hynes

CELL (2002)

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Article Cell Biology

C/EBP alpha induces adipogenesis through PPAR gamma: a unified pathway

ED Rosen et al.

GENES & DEVELOPMENT (2002)

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Article Pediatrics

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts for the United States: Improvements to the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics version

CL Ogden et al.

PEDIATRICS (2002)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A cysteine-rich adipose tissue-specific secretory factor inhibits adipocyte differentiation

KH Kim et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2001)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes

CM Steppan et al.

NATURE (2001)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A family of tissue-specific resistin-like molecules

CM Steppan et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2001)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Melanocortin-4 receptor mutations are a frequent and heterogeneous cause of morbid obesity

C Vaisse et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2000)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Dominant and recessive inheritance of morbid obesity associated with melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency

IS Farooqi et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2000)

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