期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032056
关键词
oleracone; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Alzheimer's disease; blood-brain barrier
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Our study focused on oleracones, a group of flavonoids isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. extract, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We found that oleracone F treatment improved memory dysfunction in AD model transgenic mice by reducing amyloid plaques, amyloid precursor protein levels, and inflammation in the brain. In vitro studies also showed that oleracones D, E, and F blocked the elevation of VCAM-1 protein induced by TNF-alpha, inhibiting leukocyte adhesion. Overall, oleracones ameliorated cognitive impairment by reducing leukocyte infiltration to the brain and modulating brain inflammation.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the blood-brain barrier dysfunction has been suggested as a key pathological feature of the disease. Our research group successfully established a synthetic protocol for oleracones, a novel series of flavonoids isolated from the plant extract of Portulaca oleracea L. (PO). PO extract was reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, enhancing cognitive function. Thus, we investigated the effects and mechanism of oleracones on cognition using AD model transgenic mice (Tg; APPswe/PSEN1dE9). Oleracone F treatment significantly improved memory dysfunction in Tg mice. Oleracone F decreased the number, burden, and immunoreactivity of amyloid plaques and amyloid precursor protein (APP) protein levels in the brains of Tg mice compared to wild-type mice. Oleracone F also alleviated inflammation observed in Tg mice brains. In vitro studies in human microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) demonstrated that oleracones D, E, and F blocked the elevations in VCAM-1 protein induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), hindering leukocyte adhesion to HBMVECs. Taken together, our results suggest that oleracones ameliorated cognitive impairment by blocking TNF-alpha-induced increases in VCAM-1, thereby reducing leukocyte infiltration to the brain and modulating brain inflammation.
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