Salicylic Acid Protects Sweet Potato Seedlings from Drought Stress by Mediating Abscisic Acid-Related Gene Expression and Enhancing the Antioxidant Defense System

China has the largest sweet potato planting area worldwide, as well as the highest yield per unit area and total yield. Drought is the most frequently encountered environmental stress during the sweet potato growing season. In this study, we investigated salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense mechanisms under drought conditions in two sweet potato varieties, Zheshu 77 and Zheshu 13. Drought stress decreased growth traits, photosynthetic pigments and relative water contents, as well as the photosynthetic capability parameters net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, whereas it increased reactive oxygen species production, as well as malondialdehyde and abscisic acid contents. The application of SA to drought-stressed plants reduced oxidative damage by triggering the modulation of antioxidant enzyme activities and the maintenance of optimized osmotic environments in vivo in the two sweet potato varieties. After SA solution applications, NCED-like3 expression was downregulated and the abscisic acid contents of drought-stressed plants decreased, promoting photosynthesis and plant growth. Thus, foliar spraying an appropriate dose of SA, 2.00-4.00 mg center dot L-1, on drought-stressed sweet potato varieties may induce resistance in field conditions, thereby increasing growth and crop yield in the face of increasingly frequent drought conditions.

Automated summary

This study demonstrates that applying SA solution can alleviate oxidative damage caused by drought stress in sweet potatoes by modulating antioxidant enzyme activities and maintaining optimal osmotic environments in vivo in two sweet potato varieties. The use of SA reduced NCED-like3 expression and decreased abscisic acid contents in drought-stressed plants, promoting photosynthesis and plant growth.