期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021533
关键词
plant molecular farming; virus-like particles (VLPs); protein cages; plant-derived vaccines; biologics; nanomedicine; viral-based nanotechnology; drug delivery; immune therapy
Plant viruses have expanded their role beyond pathogens and have become important in the production of nanomaterials, vaccines, and other pharmaceutical products. Plant molecular farming offers a fast and cost-effective approach to meeting global health needs. Various applications and advantages of plant-produced vaccines are discussed, as well as the challenges they face in becoming available on the market.
Plant viruses have traditionally been studied as pathogens in the context of understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of a particular disease affecting crops. In recent years, viruses have emerged as a new alternative for producing biological nanomaterials and chimeric vaccines. Plant viruses were also used to generate highly efficient expression vectors, revolutionizing plant molecular farming (PMF). Several biological products, including recombinant vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, diagnostic reagents, and other pharmaceutical products produced in plants, have passed their clinical trials and are in their market implementation stage. PMF offers opportunities for fast, adaptive, and low-cost technology to meet ever-growing and critical global health needs. In this review, we summarized the advancements in the virus-like particles-based (VLPs-based) nanotechnologies and the role they played in the production of advanced vaccines, drugs, diagnostic bio-nanomaterials, and other bioactive cargos. We also highlighted various applications and advantages plant-produced vaccines have and their relevance for treating human and animal illnesses. Furthermore, we summarized the plant-based biologics that have passed through clinical trials, the unique challenges they faced, and the challenges they will face to qualify, become available, and succeed on the market.
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