期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010654
关键词
allergic asthma; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B; serine protease-like protein; toxic-shock-syndrome toxin 1; staphylococcal protein A; allergen; microbial colonization; atopic diseases; toxin-specific IgE-sensitization
Bronchial asthma, affecting more than 300 million patients worldwide, is primarily characterized by a Th2-mediated immune response against aeroallergens and is commonly observed in asthmatic children and adults. Recent studies have highlighted the association between respiratory colonization with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a Gram-positive bacterium, and the development of atopic respiratory diseases. Understanding the pathophysiological aspects and the impact of S. aureus toxins could potentially lead to new preventive strategies for allergic asthma.
Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide and affects more than 300 million patients. Allergic asthma affects the majority of asthmatic children as well as approximately 50% of adult asthmatics. It is characterized by a Th2-mediated immune response against aeroallergens. Many aspects of the overall pathophysiology are known, while the underlying mechanisms and predisposing factors remain largely elusive today. Over the last decade, respiratory colonization with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a Gram-positive facultative bacterial pathogen, came into focus as a risk factor for the development of atopic respiratory diseases. More than 30% of the world's population is constantly colonized with S. aureus in their nasopharynx. This colonization is mostly asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to serious complications including pneumonia, sepsis, or even death. S. aureus is known for its ability to produce a wide range of proteins including toxins, serine-protease-like proteins, and protein A. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the pathophysiology of allergic asthma and to what extent it can be affected by different toxins produced by S. aureus. Intensifying this knowledge might lead to new preventive strategies for atopic respiratory diseases.
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