期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010220
关键词
persistence of the effects; macrophages; synthetic amorphous silica
The toxicological assessment of silica depends on its characteristics and intended use. Investigating the inflammatory effects induced by amorphous silicas and their persistence is necessary. The main driver for adverse effects is the small size of the particle/agglomerate, and the effects are transient. Amorphous silicas are degraded in macrophages over time, explaining the decrease in silicon content and the transiency of their effects on macrophages.
Silica (either crystalline or amorphous) is widely used for different applications and its toxicological assessment depends on its characteristics and intended use. As sustained inflammation induced by crystalline silica is at the root of silicosis, investigating the inflammatory effects induced by amorphous silicas and their persistence is needed. For the development of new grades of synthetic amorphous silicas, it is also desirable to be able to understand better the factors underlying potential adverse effects. Therefore, we used an optimized in vitro macrophage system to investigate the effects of amorphous silicas, and their persistence. By using different amorphous silicas, we demonstrated that the main driver for the adverse effects is a low size of the overall particle/agglomerate; the second driver being a low size of the primary particle. We also demonstrated that the effects were transient. By using silicon dosage in cells, we showed that the transient effects are coupled with a decrease of intracellular silicon levels over time after exposure. To further investigate this phenomenon, a mild enzymatic cell lysis allowed us to show that amorphous silicas are degraded in macrophages over time, explaining the decrease in silicon content and thus the transiency of the effects of amorphous silicas on macrophages.
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