Pathogenesis of Dementia

According to Alzheimer's Disease International, 55 million people worldwide are living with dementia. Dementia is a disorder that manifests as a set of related symptoms, which usually result from the brain being damaged by injury or disease. The symptoms involve progressive impairments in memory, thinking, and behavior, usually accompanied by emotional problems, difficulties with language, and decreased motivation. The most common variant of dementia is Alzheimer's disease with symptoms dominated by cognitive disorders, particularly memory loss, impaired personality, and judgmental disorders. So far, all attempts to treat dementias by removing their symptoms rather than their causes have failed. Therefore, in the presented narrative review, I will attempt to explain the etiology of dementia and Alzheimer's disease from the perspective of energy and cognitive metabolism dysfunction in an aging brain. I hope that this perspective, though perhaps too simplified, will bring us closer to the essence of aging-related neurodegenerative disorders and will soon allow us to develop new preventive/therapeutic strategies in our struggle with dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

Automated summary

According to Alzheimer's Disease International, there are 55 million people worldwide living with dementia, which is a set of symptoms resulting from brain damage. The symptoms involve progressive impairments in memory, thinking, and behavior, often accompanied by emotional problems, language difficulties, and decreased motivation. Although attempts to treat dementia by addressing symptoms have failed, this narrative review aims to explain the etiology of dementia and Alzheimer's disease through the perspective of energy and cognitive metabolism dysfunction in an aging brain.