The hypopigmented bitemark: a clinical and histologic appraisal

So-called hypopigmented bitemark patterns, commonly seen but not limited to dark skinned individuals, can be of value in forensic investigations. The process of aging bitemarks observed on skin is controversial and without guidelines. This report analyzes tissue obtained from the site of a hypopigmented bitemark using special histochemical stains for the identification of melanin pigment, and a panel of immunohistochemical markers to aid in the aging process. Histologic evaluation clearly showed that cellular changes in the hypopigmented area were indicative of wound healing that had taken place over a period of time. This validates the hypothesis that a hypopigmented bitemark is an indication of a wound inflicted some days previously. These findings have value in forensic investigations, particularly in cases of suspected long-term physical abuse.

Automated summary

The presence of hypopigmented bitemark patterns can be useful in forensic investigations, irrespective of the individual's skin color. However, the process of aging bitemarks on the skin lacks consensus and guidelines. This report analyzes tissue samples from a hypopigmented bitemark using special staining techniques and immunohistochemical markers to understand the aging process. The histologic evaluation confirms that cellular changes in the hypopigmented area indicate wound healing over time, supporting the hypothesis that a hypopigmented bitemark indicates a wound inflicted days before. These findings have significant implications in forensic investigations, especially in cases of suspected long-term physical abuse.