Recent experimental advances on the utilization of biochar as a tar reforming catalyst: A review

Biomass gasification to form syngas is a promising renewable energy production process. Here, biomass is exposed to high temperatures in an oxygen-controlled environment where volatiles react to form components of syngas that can be used for energy or chemical production. A limitation to the use of gasification is the generation of tars that condense in downstream equipment causing damage and halting production. Currently tars are removed by physical, thermal, or catalytic processes, all high-cost options. On the other hand, biochar is produced as a solid by-product of gasification, characterized by high surface area, desirable adsorption properties, and relatively low cost. This review details the use of biochar as a catalyst to reform tars, while highlighting recent experimental advances in evaluating the effects of biomass composition, gasification conditions, and pre-treatment and post-treatment options to improve catalytic function. It discusses tar degradation mechanisms and catalyst deactivation and recommends further areas for research.(c) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Biomass gasification to form syngas is a promising renewable energy production process. This review discusses the use of biochar as a catalyst to improve the generation of tars during the gasification process. It provides detailed information on the characteristics and catalytic function of biochar, and recommends further areas for research.