期刊
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
卷 23, 期 2, 页码 1471-1478出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3227207
关键词
Radar; Sensors; Feature extraction; Radar antennas; Receiving antennas; Transmitting antennas; Reflector antennas; Convolutional neural networks (CNNs); dynamic time warping (DTW); frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW); k-nearest neighbor (k-NN); machine learning; material identification; millimeter wave (mmWave) sensors
In this article, we present a framework for utilizing machine learning in material identification based on radar signatures. The proposed framework, which utilizes multiple RX channels, achieved near-ideal classification accuracy in classifying six different materials and distinguishing three volume levels with accuracy above 98%.
In recent years, radar sensors are gaining a paramount role in noninvasive inspection of different objects and materials. In this article, we present a framework for using machine learning in material identification based on their reflected radar signature. We employ multiple receiving (RX) channels of the radar module to capture the signatures of the reflected signal from different target materials. Within the proposed framework, we present three approaches suitable for material classification, namely: 1) convolutional neural networks (CNNs); 2) k-nearest neighbor (k-NN); and 3) dynamic time warping (DTW). The proposed framework is tested using extensive experimentation and found to provide near-ideal classification accuracy in classifying six distinct material types. Furthermore, we explore the possibility of utilizing the framework to detect the volume of the identified material, where the obtained classification accuracy is above 98% in distinguishing three different volume levels.
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