In this study, a novel green synthesis of piperidine from bio-renewable tetrahydrofurfurylamine (THFAM) is reported. The process involves the hydrogenolysis of THFAM to 5-amino-1-pentanol (APO) and the subsequent intramolecular amination of APO. SiO2-supported Rh-ReOx catalysts showed high efficiency and stability in converting THFAM to piperidine with a yield of 91.5% under the conditions of 200 degrees C and 2.0 MPa H-2 in water. The study provides an efficient strategy for the green production of piperidine and its derivatives from biomass resources.
Piperidine is an important cyclic amine with versatile applications. However, its commercial process is not green and depends mainly on the hydrogenation of fossil resource-based pyridine. Here, we report a novel one-pot approach to the sustainable synthesis of piperidine from bio-renewable tetrahydrofurfurylamine (THFAM) via its hydrogenolysis to 5-amino-1-pentanol (APO) and the subsequent intramolecular amination of APO. SiO2-supported Rh-ReOx catalysts exhibited high efficiency and stability in the THFAM reaction to piperidine, providing a high yield of 91.5% at 200 degrees C and 2.0 MPa H-2 in water. Such high efficiency of Rh-ReOx/SiO2 was found to be related to the synergistic effect between the Rh nanoparticles and ReOx species on the kinetically-relevant cleavage of the C-O bond neighboring the C-NH2 group in THFAM, involving the strong adsorption of the C-NH2 group on ReOx and the heterolytic dissociation of H-2 on Rh. This work provides an efficient strategy for the selective cleavage of the C-O bonds neighboring the C-NH2 groups, irrespective of their presence in amino ethers or amino alcohols, and the green production of piperidine and its derivatives from biomass resources.
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