Molecular interaction networks and drug development: Novel approach to drug target identification and drug repositioning

Conventional drug discovery requires identifying a protein target believed to be important for disease mechanism and screening compounds for those that beneficially alter the target's function. While this approach has been an effective one for decades, recent data suggest that its continued success is limited largely owing to the highly prevalent irreducibility of biologically complex systems that govern disease phenotype to a single primary disease driver. Network medicine, a new discipline that applies network science and systems biology to the analysis of complex biological systems and disease, offers a novel approach to overcoming these limitations of conventional drug discovery. Using the comprehensive protein-protein interaction network (interactome) as the template through which subnetworks that govern specific diseases are identified, potential disease drivers are unveiled and the effect of novel or repurposed drugs, used alone or in combination, is studied. This approach to drug discovery offers new and exciting unbiased possibilities for advancing our knowledge of disease mechanisms and precision therapeutics.

Automated summary

Conventional drug discovery relies on identifying protein targets and compounds that alter their function, but recent data suggest its limited success due to the complexity of disease mechanisms. Network medicine, using protein-protein interaction networks, offers a new approach by identifying disease-specific subnetworks and studying the effects of drugs. This unbiased method holds promise for advancing disease understanding and precision therapeutics.