A chemical perspective on the modulation of TEAD transcriptional activities: Recent progress, challenges, and opportunities

TEADs are transcription factors and core downstream components of the Hippo pathway. Mutations of the Hippo pathway and/or dysregulation of YAP/TAZ culminate in aberrant transcriptional activities of TEADs, which were considered as key contributing factors of mesotheliomas, fibrotic diseases, Alzheimer's diseases, Huntington's diseases, suppressive immune response, and drug resistance, among others. To modulate transcriptional activities of TEADs, several pharmacological approaches have been pursued, including TEAD/YAP protein-protein inter-action inhibitors, TEAD PBP inhibitors, and TEAD activators. As summarized in this review, a large number of inhibitors and activators of TEADs have been reported with decent in vitro potencies, a few exerted robust and compelling in vivo efficacies, and three that are undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of human cancers. Despite clinical advancement of the TEAD PBP inhibitors, development of other types TEAD inhibitors and ac-tivators generally lags behind. Information showcased herein might benefit discovery of next generation TEAD modulators for treatment of human oncological diseases and beyond.

Automated summary

TEADs play important roles in the Hippo pathway and their dysregulation can lead to various diseases. Several inhibitors and activators of TEADs have been identified, but further development is needed for clinical applications.