期刊
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
卷 44, 期 23, 页码 2066-+出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac395
关键词
Hypertension; Cardiovascular comorbidities; Heart failure; Chronic kidney disease; Atrial fibrillation; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Obesity; Diabetes mellitus; Stroke; Transient ischemic attack; Aortic valve stenosis
Arterial hypertension is a leading cause of death worldwide, with increasing incidence due to aging, obesity, socioeconomic and environmental changes. Lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive drugs are recommended for lowering blood pressure and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. New drugs and treatments improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Comorbidities often complicate management of hypertension.
Arterial hypertension is a leading cause of death globally. Due to ageing, the rising incidence of obesity, and socioeconomic and environmental changes, its incidence increases worldwide. Hypertension commonly coexists with Type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking leading to risk amplification. Blood pressure lowering by lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive drugs reduce cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Guidelines recommend dual- and triple-combination therapies using renin-angiotensin system blockers, calcium channel blockers, and/or a diuretic. Comorbidities often complicate management. New drugs such as angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists improve CV and renal outcomes. Catheter-based renal denervation could offer an alternative treatment option in comorbid hypertension associated with increased sympathetic nerve activity. This review summarises the latest clinical evidence for managing hypertension with CV comorbidities.
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