期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24535-y
关键词
Arsenic; Arsenate; Nanoparticles; Sustainable; Zero-valent ions; Green synthesis
资金
- Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
- Fundamental Fund (The National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF), Thailand)
The study found that green synthesis of G-NZVI using mango peel extract was effective in removing arsenate, with a fivefold higher efficiency compared to commercial C-NZVI. Background ions such as Cl- and Ca2+ were shown to promote arsenate removal, while SO42- and PO43- played an inhibiting role.
The optimal conditions for the green synthesis of nano zero-valent iron (G-NZVI) using mango peel extract were investigated using a Box-Behnken design approach. Three factors were considered, namely the ratio of iron solution to mango peel extract ratio (1:1-1:3), feeding rate of mango peel extract (1-5 mL min(-1)), and agitation speed (300-350 rpm). The results showed that the optimal conditions for the synthesis of G-NZVI for arsenate removal were a 1:1 ratio of iron solution to mango peel extract, a mango peel extract feeding rate of 5 mL min(-1), and an agitation speed of 300 rpm. Under these conditions, nearly 100% arsenate removal was achieved. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) methods were used to characterize the properties of the G-NZVI. Finally, the arsenate removal efficiency of the G-NZVI was compared against that of commercial nano zero-valent iron (C-NZVI). The results revealed that the G-NZVI was roughly five times more efficient at arsenate removal than the C-NZVI. The influence of background species such as chloride (Cl-), phosphate (PO43-), calcium (Ca2+), and sulfate (SO42-) was studied to evaluate their effects on arsenate removal. As a result, Cl- and Ca2+ were shown to play a role in promoting arsenate removal, whereas SO42- and PO43- were observed to play an inhibiting role.
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