Comparison of two cohorts of women who expulsed either a copper-intrauterine device or a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system

AimTo assess if there is a difference in the characteristics of the women who expelled a copper-intrauterine device (TCu-IUD) or the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and the frequency of expulsions over different periods of observation. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 19697 medical charts of women consulting between January 1980 and December 2013 who requested a TCu-IUD or a LNG-IUS. ResultsThe medical records of 17644 Cu-IUD and 2053 LNG-IUS users returning to the clinic for a follow-up visit after insertion of an IUC were reviewed. Of these, 1532 Cu-IUD and 254 LNG-IUS parous users were found to have expelled the IUC for a first time. The mean age at insertion ( standard deviation) was 26.3 +/- 6.6 years (range 16-49) for Cu-IUD users and 31.7 +/- 7.6 years (range 18-48) for LNG-IUS users (P < 0.001). A total of 263 (13.4%) and 12 (4.3%) of the Cu-IUD and the LNG-IUS users were 19 years old, and 49.1% and 54.1% of the expulsions among the Cu-IUD and LNG-IUS users, respectively, were reported in the first six months after placement. A regression model showed that the variables significantly associated with an expulsion of either a Cu-IUD or LNG-IUS were age < 25 years, less than two deliveries and using a Cu-IUD. ConclusionOur findings showed that the characteristics associated with IUC expulsion were age under 25 years, having had less than two deliveries and being users of Cu-IUD.