PHGDH and cancer: new job for an old enzyme!

Review Oncology

Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions

Douglas Hanahan

Summary: The concept of the hallmarks of cancer is a tool for simplifying the complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into basic principles. This article proposes phenotypic plasticity and disrupted differentiation as distinct hallmark capabilities, and discusses nonmutational epigenetic reprogramming and polymorphic microbiomes as enabling characteristics. Additionally, the importance of senescent cells in the tumor microenvironment is highlighted. The integrative concept of the hallmarks of cancer helps in understanding the mechanisms of cancer development and applying that knowledge to cancer medicine.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protein synthesis control in cancer: selectivity and therapeutic targeting

Joanna R. Kovalski et al.

Summary: This review discusses how cancer cells regulate protein expression through translational control and highlights the clinical potential of targeting translation factors as anti-cancer therapies. It also details the interaction between RNA sequence and structural elements, the translational machinery, and RNA-binding proteins in coordinating specific pro-survival and pro-growth programs. Additionally, the review provides an overview of current and emerging technologies for studying selective translational control in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.

EMBO JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Non-canonical phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity promotes liver cancer growth via mitochondrial translation and respiratory metabolism

Ying Shu et al.

Summary: Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis by promoting mitochondrial translation and bioenergetics.

EMBO JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The Evolving Landscape of Noncanonical Functions of Metabolic Enzymes in Cancer and Other Pathologies

Daqian Xu et al.

Summary: Key pathological signaling pathways regulate metabolic enzymes, giving them nonmetabolic functions. These aberrantly regulated metabolic enzymes play critical roles in governing cellular activities, promoting disease progression.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The alternative activity of nuclear PHGDH contributes to tumour growth under nutrient stress

Chunmin Ma et al.

Summary: The study by Ma et al. reveals that PHGDH translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus under glucose restriction via phosphorylation by p38 and AMPK, resulting in altered activity that affects NAD(+) levels and PARP1 activity. This novel nutrient-sensing mechanism involving PHGDH highlights its critical role in tumour growth and cell fate decisions.

NATURE METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Cell Biology