Comparative Effectiveness of Ticarelor, Prasugrel, and Clopidogrel for Secondary Prophylaxis in Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study

Comparative effectiveness evaluation of newer P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel and ticagrelor) compared with clopidogrel after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is limited in real-world US populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular events based on ticagrelor, prasugrel, and clopidogrel use in a real-world patient setting. This retrospective cohort study used the IBM MarketScan database (January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018) to create three propensity score-matched pairs: ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel (N = 21,719), prasugrel vs. clopidogrel (N = 11,513), and prasugrel vs. ticagrelor = 11.065). The primary outcome was a composite of myocardial ischemia. unstable angina, stroke, and heart failure hospitalization. These groups were compared in a time-to-event analysis for the primary outcome at 30, 90, and 180days following P2Y12 inhibitors initiation after percutaneous coronary intervention. Compared with clopidogrel, ticagrelor use suggested a 10% reduction in the primary outcome at 90days (hazard ratio (HR): 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82-0.99). There were no differences for all other matched pairs or follow-up combinations. In the subgroup analysis of females, the results suggested a risk reduction of 27% for prasugrel at 30days (HR: 0.73. 95% CI: 0.53-1.00) and 17% for ticagrelor at 90days (HR: 0.83. 95% CI: 0.70-0.98) when compared with clopidogrel. Among patients treated with bare-metal stents, the results suggested that prasugrel vs. ticagrelor was associated with a 55% and 33% reduced risk for the primary outcome at 30days and 180days, respectively. With limited evidence in the United States comparing these drugs. this study helps inform clinicians when choosing P2Y12 inhibitors after ACS.

Automated summary

This study compared the effectiveness of newer P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel and ticagrelor) with clopidogrel in real-world US populations. The results showed that ticagrelor reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by 10% at 90 days compared to clopidogrel. There were no significant differences for other comparisons. This study provides valuable information for clinicians in selecting P2Y12 inhibitors after ACS.