☆ 4.4 Article

Forced Precipitation Experiments for Study of the Electromagnetic Treatment of Water

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (2023)

Review of Techniques to Reduce and Prevent Carbonate Scale. Prospecting in Water Treatment by Magnetism and Electromagnetism

Sergio Martinez Moya et al.

Summary: This paper reviews various techniques for preventing carbonate scale in hot water systems, ranging from traditional chemical softening to the use of magnetic and electromagnetic technologies. While some methods generate hazardous waste, magnetic and EM treatments are considered non-invasive. The effectiveness of these techniques needs to be verified in actual installations.

WATER (2021)

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Proceedings Paper Materials Science, Multidisciplinary