Cryptic mutations of PLC family members in brain disorders: recent discoveries and a deep-learning-based approach

Lim et al. review the mechanisms underlying phospholipase C regulation of the phosphoinositide signalling pathway and the genetic variation of phospholipase C in brain disorders. They discuss the potential for analyses based on deep learning to identify phospholipase C mutations in brain disorders. Phospholipase C (PLC) is an essential isozyme involved in the phosphoinositide signalling pathway, which maintains cellular homeostasis. Gain- and loss-of-function mutations in PLC affect enzymatic activity and are therefore associated with several disorders. Alternative splicing variants of PLC can interfere with complex signalling networks associated with oncogenic transformation and other diseases, including brain disorders. Cells and tissues with various mutations in PLC contribute different phosphoinositide signalling pathways and disease progression, however, identifying cryptic mutations in PLC remains challenging. Herein, we review both the mechanisms underlying PLC regulation of the phosphoinositide signalling pathway and the genetic variation of PLC in several brain disorders. In addition, we discuss the present challenges associated with the potential of deep-learning-based analysis for the identification of PLC mutations in brain disorders.

Automated summary

In this study, the authors review the regulation mechanisms of phospholipase C (PLC) in the phosphoinositide signalling pathway and the genetic variations of PLC in brain disorders. They discuss the potential of deep learning to identify PLC mutations in brain disorders. PLC is an essential enzyme in the phosphoinositide signalling pathway, and its mutations are associated with various disorders. The review also highlights the challenges in identifying cryptic PLC mutations and the need for advanced analysis techniques such as deep learning.