期刊
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217678
关键词
Aromatic Compounds; Nitration; P450 Enzymes; Peroxidase; Terminal Aryl Olefins
The peroxidase activity of cytochrome P450BM3 was increased through protein engineering by introducing site-directed mutations of key active-site residues. This allowed for efficient regulation of substrate access, leading to a decrease in monooxygenation activity and an increase in peroxidase activity. The P450 peroxidase system was successfully applied for the direct nitration of aromatic compounds and terminal aryl-substituted olefins.
Applications of the peroxidase activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes in synthetic chemistry remain largely unexplored. We present herein a protein engineering strategy to increase cytochrome P450BM3 peroxidase activity for the direct nitration of aromatic compounds and terminal aryl-substituted olefins in the presence of a dual-functional small molecule (DFSM). Site-directed mutations of key active-site residues allowed the efficient regulation of steric effects to limit substrate access and, thus, a significant decrease in monooxygenation activity and increase in peroxidase activity. Nitration of several phenol and aniline compounds also yielded ortho- and para-nitration products with moderate-to-high total turnover numbers. Besides direct aromatic nitration by P450 variants using nitrite as a nitrating agent, we also demonstrated the use of the DFSM-facilitated P450 peroxidase system for the nitration of the vinyl group of styrene and its derivatives.
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