Daratumumab Use Prior to Kidney Transplant and T Cell-Mediated Rejection: A Case Report

There is growing interest in daratumumab in the solid organ transplant realm owing to the potential immunomodulatory effects on CD3 8-expressing cells, primarily plasma cells, as they have a key role in antibody production. In particular there is interest in use of daratumumab for desensitization and po-tential treatment for antibody-mediated rejection. However, ongoing investigation with daratumumab has shown potential immunologic concerns in vitro, with a significant increase in populations of C D4 -positive cytotoxic T cells and C D8-positive helper T cells in both peripheral blood and bone marrow that could lead to acute T cell-mediated rejection in the solid organ transplant patient. To date, there are no published reports of an association with daratumumab use and T cell-mediated rejection in vivo. In this case report we present what is to our knowledge the first documented case of an early severe T cell-mediated rejection in a low-immunologic-risk living-donor kidney transplant recipient who received daratumumab for multiple myeloma maintenance prior to transplant.

Automated summary

There is a growing interest in the use of daratumumab for desensitization and potential treatment for antibody-mediated rejection in solid organ transplant. However, ongoing investigations have shown potential immunologic concerns with daratumumab, particularly an increase in populations of CD4-positive cytotoxic T cells and CD8-positive helper T cells that could result in acute T cell-mediated rejection. This case report presents the first documented case of early severe T-cell mediated rejection in a low-immunologic-risk living-donor kidney transplant recipient who received daratumumab for multiple myeloma maintenance prior to transplant.