Ecological interactions, local people awareness and practices on rodent-borne diseases in Africa: A review

Several anthropogenic activities exposure humans to the risk of rodent-borne diseases. These activities are but not limited to logging, clearing land for crop cultivation, and consuming rodents. Rodents are a highly diverse mammalian group and harbor many zoonotic diseases. This review focuses on dominant rodent-flea species, rodent-borne zoonotic diseases and awareness and management practices against rodent-borne diseases in Af-rica. Relevant academic literature spanning from 1974 to 2021 was analysed. Dominant rodent species reported in Africa included:-Mastomys natalensis and Rattus rattus, while dominant flea species included Xenopsylla bra-siliensis and Xenopsylla cheopis. Rodents were reported as hosts to a wide range of parasites which can be passed to humans. Rodents were also reported as hosts to some protozoans, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, bacteria and viruses which are transmissible to humans. Some studies conducted in West Africa revealed good knowledge and practices on plague and Lassa fever diseases among respondents, whereas other studies reported poor practices on Lassa fever management. In part of Southern Africa, some studies reported poor knowledge and practices on plague disease. Further research on rodent-borne disease awareness and management strategies in African countries is desirable.

Automated summary

Anthropogenic activities in Africa, such as logging, land clearing, and rodent consumption, expose humans to the risk of rodent-borne diseases. This review focuses on the dominant rodent-flea species, zoonotic diseases transmitted by rodents, and awareness and management practices in Africa. The analysis of academic literature from 1974 to 2021 reveals the presence of various parasites, protozoans, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, bacteria, and viruses in rodents, which can be transmitted to humans. There is a need for further research on awareness and management strategies in African countries.