期刊
JOURNAL OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s11689-016-9139-8
关键词
ASD; Habituation; Event-related potential; Social attention; Social information processing
资金
- Autism Speaks
- L'Oreal/UNESCO For Women in Science Fellowship
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development [P50 HD055782 King/Webb, R01 HD064820 Webb]
- Autism Science Foundation
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 1 % of the population and close to 20 % of prospectively studied infants with an older sibling with ASD. Although significant progress has been made in characterizing the emergence of behavioral symptoms of ASD, far less is known about the underlying disruptions to early learning. Recent models suggest that core aspects of the causal path to ASD may only be apparent in early infancy. Here, we investigated social attention in 6- and 12-month-old infants who did and did not meet criteria for ASD at 24 months using both cognitive and electrophysiological methods. We hypothesized that a reduction in attention engagement to faces would be associated with later ASD. Methods: In a prospective longitudinal design, we used measures of both visual attention (habituation) and brain function (event-related potentials to faces and objects) at 6 and 12 months and investigated the relationship to ASD outcome at 24 months. Results: High-risk infants who met criteria for ASD at 24 months showed shorter epochs of visual attention, faster but less prolonged neural activation to faces, and delayed sensitization responses (increases in looking) to faces at 6 months; these differences were less apparent at 12 months. These findings are consistent with disrupted engagement of sustained attention to social stimuli. Conclusions: These findings suggest that there may be fundamental early disruptions to attention engagement that may have cascading consequences for later social functioning.
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