期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
卷 139, 期 6, 页码 997-1018出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13742
关键词
GABA(A) receptors; gephyrin; intracellular traffic; synapse; synaptic regulation
资金
- Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT)
- European Union - European Fund for Economic and Regional Development funding through the Operational Competitiveness Program (COMPETE) [PTDC/NEU-NMC/0198/2012, PEst-C/SAU/LA0001/2013-2014, UID/NEU/04539/2013]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/NEU-NMC/0198/2012] Funding Source: FCT
Neuronal excitability depends on the balance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission, which in the CNS are mainly mediated by GABA and glutamate respectively. The plasticity of glutamatergic synapses and the underlying molecular mechanisms have been characterized to a large extent. In comparison, much less is known regarding the plasticity of GABAergic synapses, which is also important in the maintenance of the excitatory/inhibitory balance. GABAergic synapses, similarly to the glutamatergic synapses, adjust their strength depending on the pattern of neuronal activity. These alterations take place in the pre- and postsynaptic compartments, and short- and long-term alterations have been described. At the postsynaptic level the plasticity of inhibitory synapses is largely mediated by modulation of the expression, localization and function of GABAA receptors, by mechanisms involving the participation of scaffold proteins and structural molecules. This review is focused on the key mechanisms that regulate GABAA receptor trafficking in response to alterations in neuronal activity or to stimulation of plasma membrane receptors. These alterations in GABAergic neurotransmission are important in the refinement of the pattern of activity of neuronal networks.
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