Wearable and Flexible Multifunctional Sensor Based on Laser- Induced Graphene for the Sports Monitoring System

The conversion of diverse polymeric substrates into laser-induced graphene (LIG) has recently emerged as a single-step method for the fabrication of patterned graphene-based wearable electronics with a wide range of applications in sensing, actuation, and energy storage. Laser-induced pyrolysis technology has many advantages over traditional graphene design: eco-friendly, design able patterning, roll-to-roll production, and controllable morphology. In this work, we designed wearable and flexible graphenebased strain and pressure sensors by laminating LIG from a commercial polyimide (PI) film. The as-prepared LIG was transferred onto a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheet, interwoven inside an elastic cotton sports fabric with the fabric glue as a wearable sensor. The single LIG/PDMS layer acts as a strain sensor, and a two-layer perpendicular stacking of LIG/PDMS (x and y laser-directed films) is designed for pressure sensing. This newly designed graphene textile (IGT) sensor performs four functions in volleyball sportswear, including volleyball reception detection, finger touch foul detection during blocking the ball from an opponent player, spike force measurements, and player position monitoring. An inexpensive sensor assists athletes in training and helps the coach formulate competition strategies.

Automated summary

This work presents the design of wearable graphene-based strain and pressure sensors by converting polyimide into laser-induced graphene. The sensors perform multiple functions in volleyball sportswear and assist athletes in training while helping coaches formulate competition strategies.