In vitro effects of the green synthesized silver and nickel oxide nanoparticles on the motility and egg hatching ability of Marshallagia marshalli

Background Gastrointestinal nematodes are one of the serious health problems on the human society and in the livestock industry. Marshallagia marshalli is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminant, have subtle but more significant adverse effects on the health and fitness of their hosts. Aim In this study, green synthesized nickel oxide (Ni0) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) have been checked to evaluate the possible antiparasitic effects of nickel oxide and silver nanoparticles on Marshallagia marshalli. Methods The characterization of synthesized NiO NPs and Ag NPs was confirmed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The adult worms were incubated with various concentrations of NiO and Ag NPs with the quantity of; 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 ppm for 24 h. Mobility and egg hatching abilities of the parasites were recorded at 4-h intervals. Results The results showed that both of the nanoparticles NiO and Ag NPs have anthelmintic activity against Marshallagia marshalli. The anthelmintic effects increased with an increase in the concentration of nanoparticles and the incubation time. Conclusion The outcome data concluded that Ag-NPs possess a higher level of efficacy than NiO NPs.

Automated summary

This study examined the antiparasitic effects of green synthesized NiO and Ag nanoparticles on Marshallagia marshalli. The results showed that both nanoparticles have anthelmintic activity against this parasite, with the efficacy increasing with concentration and incubation time. Among the two, Ag nanoparticles demonstrated a higher level of efficacy compared to NiO nanoparticles.