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Intuition, reason, and conspiracy beliefs

CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Of tinfoil hats and thinking caps: Reasoning is more strongly related to implausible than plausible conspiracy beliefs

Michael Hattersley et al.

Summary: People who strongly endorse conspiracy theories tend to exhibit biases in reasoning. Specifically, the endorsement of implausible conspiracy theories is associated with reduced information sampling and less reflective reasoning, suggesting an adaptive response to the tension between implausible theories and other beliefs and data. In contrast, plausible conspiracy theories do not show the same association with reasoning biases.

COGNITION (2022)

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Article Political Science

Populist Gullibility: Conspiracy Theories, News Credibility, Bullshit Receptivity, and Paranormal Belief

Jan-Willem van Prooijen et al.

Summary: This research examines the relationship between populist attitudes and beliefs in unsubstantiated epistemic claims, finding that populist attitudes are associated with conspiracy mentality, increased credulity of nonpolitical news items, receptivity to bullshit statements, and supernatural beliefs. These findings may be mediated by increased faith in intuition.

POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Psychology, Clinical

Health-protective behaviour, social media usage and conspiracy belief during the COVID-19 public health emergency

Daniel Allington et al.

Summary: The study revealed a negative association between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and health-protective behaviors, as well as a positive correlation between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and the use of social media for COVID-19 information. Additionally, it was found that health-protective behaviors were negatively associated with using social media as an information source, while positively correlated with using broadcast media for information on COVID-19.

PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Psychology, Social

What drives us to be (ir)responsible for our health during the COVID-19 pandemic? The role of personality, thinking styles, and conspiracy mentality

Ljiljana B. Lazarevic et al.

Summary: The study investigated the role of personality, thinking styles, and conspiracy mentality in health-related behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. It found that engagement in pseudoscientific behaviors was predicted by high Disintegration, but this relationship was mediated by high experiential and low rational thinking styles. Adherence to health practices recommended by COVID-19 guidelines was predicted by high Honesty traits, while low Disintegration had direct and indirect effects through conspiracy mentality.

PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES (2021)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

The association between the belief in coronavirus conspiracy theories, miracles, and the susceptibility to conjunction fallacy

Albert Wabnegger et al.

Summary: This study found that people who endorse conspiracy theories are more prone to conjunction errors, and such errors in the domain of coronavirus were associated with belief in conspiracy theories, while errors in scenarios describing miraculous healings were associated with general religiosity. The results suggest that distinct beliefs are uniquely associated with the susceptibility to conjunction errors in particular domains.

APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

The usual suspects: How psychological motives and thinking styles predict the endorsement of well-known and COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs

Vukasin Gligoric et al.

Summary: Higher spirituality, higher narcissism, and lower analytical thinking consistently explained beliefs in conspiracy theories. Predictors less explained belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories compared to non-COVID-19 conspiracies, depending on the content of the items.

APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Psychology, Biological

Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA

Sahil Loomba et al.

Summary: Recent online misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines has been found to decrease intent to vaccinate among adults in the UK and the USA, particularly among those who were initially willing to get vaccinated. Certain sociodemographic groups are more negatively impacted by misinformation, and scientifically-sounding misinformation has a stronger effect on reducing vaccination intent.

NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online

Gordon Pennycook et al.

Summary: In recent years, there has been growing concern over the spread of false information on social media. Research has shown that while most people value sharing accurate news, the veracity of headlines does not necessarily impact their intentions to share. By shifting attention to accuracy, the quality of news that people share can be improved, challenging the belief that people prioritize partisanship over accuracy.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Dissociation, Cognitive Reflection and Health Literacy Have a Modest Effect on Belief in Conspiracy Theories about COVID-19

Vojtech Pisl et al.

Summary: The study found that factors influencing belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories among Czech university students included cognitive reflection, digital health literacy, experience with dissociation, and bullshit receptivity. However, belief in COVID-related theories was less dependent on psychological and cognitive variables compared to general conspiracy mentality.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary

ANXIETY, ILLUSORY PATTERN PERCEPTION AND CONSPIRACY BELIEFS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Ognen Spasovski et al.

Summary: Higher anxiety and increased intuitive pattern search lead to stronger conspiracy beliefs. To prevent the detrimental impacts of conspiracy theories on individuals and society, transparent information and warnings are recommended, as well as a focus on critical thinking in education.

TEORIJA IN PRAKSA (2021)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Psychological correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures: Evidence from Turkey

Sinan Alper et al.

Summary: The study found that trust in intuition, uncertainty avoidance, impulsivity, generic conspiracy beliefs, religiosity, and right-wing ideology were associated with a higher level of belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories, but there was no association between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures.

CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

An examination of the underlying dimensional structure of three domains of contaminated mindware: paranormal beliefs, conspiracy beliefs, and anti-science attitudes

Jala Rizeq et al.

Summary: The study examined individual differences in contaminated mindware domains, as well as the influence of factors such as cognitive ability, cognitive reflection, open-minded thinking tendency, and ontological confusions on paranormal beliefs, conspiracy beliefs, and anti-science attitudes. The results supported the multidimensional nature of contaminated mindware domains and highlighted some related factors and unique predictors.

THINKING & REASONING (2021)

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Article Psychology, Social

Mistrust and Misinformation: A Two-Component, Socio-Epistemic Model of Belief in Conspiracy Theories

Joseph M. Pierre

JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY (2020)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Conspiracist beliefs, intuitive thinking, and schizotypal facets: A further evaluation

Andrew Denovan et al.

APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (2020)

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Review Psychology, Multidisciplinary

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychological Research on Conspiracy Beliefs: Field Characteristics, Measurement Instruments, and Associations With Personality Traits

Andreas Goreis et al.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY (2019)

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Article Psychology, Social

Conspiracy beliefs in the general population: The importance of psychopathology, cognitive style and educational attainment

Neophytos Georgiou et al.

PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES (2019)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Lazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoning

Gordon Pennycook et al.

COGNITION (2019)

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Article Psychology, Social

The Conspiracy Mentality Scale Distinguishing Between Irrational and Rational Suspicion

Ana Stojanov et al.

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (2019)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Examining how people reason about controversial scientific topics

Emilio J. C. Lobato et al.

THINKING & REASONING (2019)

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Article Psychiatry

The relationship between schizotypal facets and conspiracist beliefs via cognitive processes

David Barron et al.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2018)

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Article Psychology, Social

The illusion of explanatory depth and endorsement of conspiracy beliefs

Joseph A. Vitriol et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (2018)

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Article Psychology, Social

Connecting the dots: Illusory pattern perception predicts belief in conspiracies and the supernatural

Jan-Willem van Prooijen et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (2018)

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Article Psychology, Social

Epistemic rationality: Skepticism toward unfounded beliefs requires sufficient cognitive ability and motivation to be rational

Tomas Stahl et al.

PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES (2018)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Conspiracy Theories: Evolved Functions and Psychological Mechanisms

Jan-Willem van Prooijen et al.

PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Psychology, Social

Suspicious binds: Conspiracy thinking and tenuous perceptions of causal connections between co-occurring and spuriously correlated events

Reine C. van der Wal et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (2018)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Fast logic?: Examining the time course assumption of dual process theory

Bence Bago et al.

COGNITION (2017)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

The Psychology of Conspiracy Theories

Karen M. Douglas et al.

CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE (2017)

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Article Psychology

What makes us think? A three-stage dual-process model of analytic engagement

Gordon Pennycook et al.

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (2015)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Disfluent Fonts Don't Help People Solve Math Problems

Andrew Meyer et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL (2015)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Analytic thinking reduces belief in conspiracy theories

Viren Swami et al.

COGNITION (2014)

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Article Political Science

Conspiracy Theories and the Paranoid Style(s) of Mass Opinion

J. Eric Oliver et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE (2014)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Belief in Conspiracy Theories and Susceptibility to the Conjunction Fallacy

Robert Brotherton et al.

APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (2014)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The Role of Conspiracist Ideation and Worldviews in Predicting Rejection of Science

Stephan Lewandowsky et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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Article Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Dual-Process Theories of Higher Cognition: Advancing the Debate

Jonathan St B. T. Evans et al.

PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE (2013)

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Article Psychology, Social

Dead and Alive: Beliefs in Contradictory Conspiracy Theories

Michael J. Wood et al.

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE (2012)

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Article Psychology

Intuition, reason, and metacognition

Valerie A. Thompson et al.

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (2011)

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Article Economics

Cognitive reflection and decision making

S Frederick

JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES (2005)

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