4.6 Article

The extension of marine spatial planning to the management of the world ocean, especially areas beyond national jurisdiction

期刊

MARINE POLICY
卷 144, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105218

关键词

ABNJ; Marine Spatial Planning; Development of high seas

资金

  1. Polish National Science Centre [UMO-2018/31/B/HS4/03890]

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This paper explores the feasibility and methods of marine spatial planning outside national jurisdiction areas. The most promising approach is based on international agreements and grassroots efforts to plan the entire world ocean. Key elements include resilience, regulation, and supportive ecosystem services, and various planning methods are proposed, including information and indicative planning, stock-taking and vision-building, and continuous monitoring and evaluation of results.
Up until now, marine spatial planning (MSP) has been developed primarily in sea areas that are under national sovereignty, i.e., territorial waters and economic exclusive zones. There are proposals for extending MSP to areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). However, the lack of a clear legal framework to support such attempts limits their viability This paper draws on existing MSP and wider spatial planning experience, and proposes three different scenarios for the creation of planning systems covering the entire world ocean based on the characteristics of different areas. The most promising seems to be the flexible grassroots spatiality approach that would be based on an international agreement to plan ABNJ along with the grass-root efforts of various organisations and planning professionals. The paper identifies key preconditions for the successful introduction of MSP in ABNJ with a focus on resilience and regulatory and supportive ecosystem services. The use of various types of spatial planning is also proposed, prioritizing information and indicative planning, stock-taking and vision-building, making use of non-binding plans, aligning plans for ABNJ and areas under national jurisdiction (AUNJ) and continuous monitoring and evaluation of the results of MSP processes.

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