期刊
EVIDENCE-BASED MENTAL HEALTH
卷 25, 期 4, 页码 148-155出版社
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2022-300549
关键词
Suicide & self-harm; Adult psychiatry
类别
资金
- Wellcome Trust [202836/Z/16/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [202836/Z/16/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
Effective prevention of suicide requires a comprehensive understanding of risk factors. Clinical factors, such as mental disorders and a history of self-harm, have the strongest associations with suicide. On the other hand, factors related to sociodemographic status, family history, and adverse life events have smaller effects.
Question Effective prevention of suicide requires a comprehensive understanding of risk factors. Study selection and analysis Five databases were systematically searched to identify psychological autopsy studies (published up to February 2022) that reported on risk factors for suicide mortality among adults in the general population. Effect sizes were pooled as odds ratios (ORs) using random-effects models for each risk factor examined in at least three independent samples. Findings A total of 37 case-control studies from 23 countries were included, providing data on 40 risk factors in 5633 cases and 7101 controls. The magnitude of effect sizes varied substantially both between and within risk factor domains. Clinical factors had the strongest associations with suicide, including any mental disorder (OR=13.1, 95% CI 9.9 to 17.4) and a history of self-harm (OR=10.1, 95% CI 6.6 to 15.6). By comparison, effect sizes were smaller for other domains relating to sociodemographic status, family history, and adverse life events (OR range 2-5). Conclusions A wide range of predisposing and precipitating factors are associated with suicide among adults in the general population, but with clear differences in their relative strength. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021232878.
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