4.5 Article

Reverse Osmosis Membrane Zero Liquid Discharge for Agriculture Drainage Water Desalination: Technical, Economic, and Environmental Assessment

期刊

MEMBRANES
卷 12, 期 10, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100923

关键词

agricultural drainage water; RO membrane; desalination; evaporation; economics; ZLD

资金

  1. Science and Technology Development Fund, STDF, Ministry of Scientific Research, Egypt [41563]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The study presents a zero liquid discharge agricultural drainage water (ADW) desalination system with a 98% water recovery rate and the recovery of 245,000 tons of salt, with a water production cost of USD 0.46 per cubic meter.
Agricultural drainage water (ADW) represents a potential source for fresh water after receiving appropriate treatments to satisfy the water quality requirements. Desalination of ADW with medium salinity and moderate contamination with organic and inorganic chemical pollutants could provide a techno-economically feasible approach for facing water scarcity in arid areas. The current work presents a conceptual zero liquid discharge ADW desalination system proposed to treat 300,000 m(3)/d. The system is based on pretreatment to remove impurities harmful to desalination by staged reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. The brine from the last RO stage is treated via thermal vapor compression followed by evaporation in solar ponds to recover more fresh water and salts of economic value. The essential technical features of the proposed system components are formulated. The proposed system components and its technical and economic indicators are deduced using available software for water pretreatment, RO membrane, desalination, thermal desalination, and solar evaporation ponds. The system provides total distilled water recovery of about 98% viz. 294,000 m(3)/d in addition to recovered salts of 245,000 t/y. The net cost of water production amounts to USD 0.46 /m(3). The environmental considerations of the system are addressed and advantages of applying zero liquid discharge system are elucidated.

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