期刊
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 5, 期 9, 页码 11328-11338出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.2c01815
关键词
CIGS; chalcopyrite; potassium; reconstruction; photovoltaics
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC36-08GO308]
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Solar Energy Technologies Office [34352]
This study investigates the effect of KF post-deposition treatments (PDTs) on the performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) solar cells using air-free transfer of multiple samples. The results show that KF PDTs can improve cell efficiency, enhance minority carrier lifetime, and modify the alignment of the surface valence band.
K, Rb, and Cs improve Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) solar cell performance, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here we use air-free transfer of multiple samples to study KF post-deposition treatments (PDTs) by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The KF PDTs do not change the majority carrier concentration or Cd in diffusion, but they boost efficiency by 6.1% absolute, improve minority carrier lifetime, and shift the surface valence band further from the Fermi energy. Unlike former reports, the valence-band shift is not a result of lower Cu/(Ga+In) or higher K/(K+Cu) composition ratios. We propose that instead, KF PDTs alter the surface valence-band alignment through a reconstructive phase transformation from chalcopyrite CIGS to K2CuIn3Se6 or KInSe2 , which have layered structures. These compounds can leave Cu-free cation planes after K is rinsed away, unlike the structure of chalcopyrite CIGS or CuIn3Se5.
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