Molecular Evolution and Conservation of Tropical Biodiversity: A Special Issue

Article Biodiversity Conservation

Phylogeography of Hypomasticus copelandii (Teleostei, Anostomidae) Reveals Distinct Genetic Lineages along Atlantic Coastal Drainages of Eastern Brazil

Izabela S. Mendes et al.

Summary: Using molecular analysis with mitochondrial and nuclear loci, it is discovered that H. copelandii has two well-defined genetic lineages, which might be related to headwater capture events around 2.8 million years ago. This hidden diversity provides valuable information for taxonomy and conservation in a severely impacted region of Brazil.

DIVERSITY-BASEL (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Biogeography and Diversification of Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with Emphasis on Neotropical Species

Jose Eustaquio Santos Junior et al.

Summary: This study sequenced the DNA of nine Brazilian bumblebee species to construct a detailed phylogenetic tree, and used fossil dating to analyze the timeline of bumblebee diversification. The results showed that the ancestral Bombus lineage originated between 47.08 and 34.27 million years ago in the Holarctic region, and was mainly distributed in the eastern Old World. The Neotropical bumblebees likely originated from North American lineages and colonized South America after 29 million years ago.

DIVERSITY-BASEL (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Phylogenetic Analyses of Cyprinid Species from the Rokel River Basin of Sierra Leone, West Africa: Taxonomic, Biogeographic, and Conservation Implications

Unisa Conteh Kanu et al.

Summary: The Rokel River basin has a high diversity of fish species, but little is known about their molecular phylogeny. Through mitochondrial DNA analysis, eleven distinct lineages of cyprinid fish were identified in this basin, and the distribution of some species suggests past connections with nearby river basins. The unrecognized diversity of cyprinid species in this area has significant implications for biodiversity conservation.

DIVERSITY-BASEL (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Integrative Phylogeography Reveals Conservation Priorities for the Giant Anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla in Brazil

Raphael T. F. Coimbra et al.

Summary: In this study, the phylogeography, distribution, ecology, and historical demography of the Brazilian populations of giant anteaters were investigated. The research found two distinct mtDNA clusters and highlighted the importance of the Brazilian Cerrado as a priority biome for the conservation of the species.

DIVERSITY-BASEL (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Complex Evolutionary History of the South American Fox Genus Lycalopex (Mammalia, Carnivora, Canidae) Inferred from Multiple Mitochondrial and Nuclear Markers

Marina O. Favarini et al.

Summary: The canid genus Lycalopex, consisting of six South American species, has posed challenges in determining their evolutionary relationships. In this study, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis was conducted on Lycalopex individuals, as well as specimens from closely related species, to reconstruct their phylogenetic relationships. The results confirmed the monophyly of most species based on mtDNA, with one case suggesting potential interspecies admixture. Additionally, nuclear marker analysis revealed examples of intra-specific variation and lack of species monophyly, indicating incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization. This study provides robust mitochondrial resolution of this complex radiation and highlights the difficulties in using traditional nuclear markers.

DIVERSITY-BASEL (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology