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Biosynthesis Investigations of Terpenoid, Alkaloid, and Flavonoid Antimicrobial Agents Derived from Medicinal Plants

期刊

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL
卷 11, 期 10, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101380

关键词

phytochemicals; antimicrobial agents; biosynthetic pathway; secondary metabolites

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [82173922, 81402809]
  2. Beijing Natural Science Foundation [7192112]
  3. Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST [CACM 2018 QNRC1 02]
  4. State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs [K202119]
  5. Young Scientist Program by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms, and plant-derived secondary metabolites with antimicrobial abilities show promise in treating multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids are the main phytochemicals with antimicrobial activities, and synthetic biology research offers new methods for their production.
The overuse of antibiotics in the past decades has led to the emergence of a large number of drug-resistant microorganisms. In recent years, the infection rate caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms has been increasing, which has become one of the most challenging problems in modern medicine. Plant-derived secondary metabolites and their derivatives have been identified to display significant antimicrobial abilities with good tolerance and less adverse side effects, potentially having different action mechanisms with antibiotics of microbial origin. Thus, these phyto-antimicrobials have a good prospect in the treatment of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids made up the predominant part of the currently reported phytochemicals with antimicrobial activities. Synthetic biology research around these compounds is one of the hotspot fields in recent years, which not only has illuminated the biosynthesis pathways of these phyto-antimicrobials but has also offered new methods for their production. In this review, we discuss the biosynthesis investigations of terpenoid, alkaloid, and flavonoid antimicrobial agents-using artemisinin and oleanolic acid (terpenoids), berberine and colchicine (alkaloids), and baicalin (flavonoids) as examples-around their antimicrobial action mechanisms, biosynthesis pathway elucidation, key enzyme identification, and heterologous production, in order to provide useful hints for plant-derived antimicrobial agent discovery and development.

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