Housing challenges and programs to enhance access to affordable housing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Affordable housing contributes to the prosperity of any community. This study assesses housing challenges and enabling programs to affordable housing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) within the Vision 2030. A questionnaire of housing experts was undertaken, and responses were analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and Chi-Square. The findings show that top-ranked challenges are the high price of residential land (RII = 0.89), high construction cost (RII = 0.87), and high urbanization rate (RII = 0.76). The study found that participants' demographic factors led to significant differences in scores for six of the investigated challenges. In addition, the most effective enabling programs were the value added tax (VAT) exemption program (RII = 0.82), followed by the developmental housing program (RII = 0.73), and ownership forms (RII = 0.73). Significant differences in scores for two of the enabling programs were found based on participants' age and gender. The present study recommends that the government should review some of these programs and reassess the challenges of access to affordable housing.(c) 2022 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/4.0/).

Automated summary

This study evaluates the housing challenges and enabling programs to affordable housing in Saudi Arabia, and identifies high residential land price, high construction cost, and high urbanization rate as the top challenges. The most effective enabling programs are the value added tax exemption program, developmental housing program, and ownership forms.