期刊
BIOMOLECULES
卷 12, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom12111583
关键词
halophyte; Lobularia maritima; phytochemicals; stress genes; molecular mechanisms; biopotential
资金
- Ministry of Agriculture, Czechia, and by the project Plants as a tool for sustainable global development within the program Research, Development, and Education (OP RDE) [RO0418, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827)]
- Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland [SUPB.RN.22.049]
Halophytes are plant species that are widely distributed in saline habitats and have developed various defense mechanisms to colonize harsh environments. They show morpho-anatomical adaptations and enhanced production of secondary metabolites under stress. Halophytes have potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries and can be important sources of natural products for treating diseases and supplementing human diet.
Halophytes are plant species widely distributed in saline habitats, such as beaches, postindustrial wastelands, irrigated lands, salt flats, and others. Excessive salt level, known to limit plant growth, is not harmful to halophytes, which have developed a variety of defense mechanisms allowing them to colonize harsh environments. Plants under stress are known to respond with several morpho-anatomical adaptations, but also to enhance the production of secondary metabolites to better cope with difficult conditions. Owing to these adaptations, halophytes are an interesting group of undemanding plants with a high potential for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, this review aims to present the characteristics of halophytes, describe changes in their gene expression, and discuss their synthesized metabolites of pharmacognostic and pharmacological significance. Lobularia maritima is characterized as a widely spread halophyte that has been shown to exhibit various pharmacological properties in vitro and in vivo. It is concluded that halophytes may become important sources of natural products for the treatment of various ailments and for supplementing the human diet with necessary non-nutrients and minerals. However, extensive studies are needed to deepen the knowledge of their biological potential in vivo, so that they can be introduced to the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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