期刊
VACCINES
卷 10, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111789
关键词
antibody-based immunotherapies; multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections; monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); immunoglobulin Y (IgY); nanobodies; polyclonal antibodies (pAbs)
资金
- FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P. of the Research Unit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences-iBB [UIDB/04565/2020, UIDP/04565/2020]
- FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P. of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy-i4HB [LA/P/0140/2020]
The increasing antimicrobial resistance worldwide poses a significant threat to modern medicine, leading to infections that are untreatable by conventional therapies. Factors such as misuse and poor adherence by patients exacerbate the severity of this issue, highlighting the need for the development of more immunotherapies to replace antimicrobials.
The discovery of antimicrobials is an outstanding achievement of mankind that led to the development of modern medicine. However, increasing antimicrobial resistance observed worldwide is rendering commercially available antimicrobials ineffective. This problem results from the bacterial ability to adapt to selective pressure, leading to the development or acquisition of multiple types of resistance mechanisms that can severely affect the efficacy of antimicrobials. The misuse, overprescription, and poor treatment adherence by patients are factors strongly aggravating this issue, with an epidemic of infections untreatable by first-line therapies occurring over decades. Alternatives are required to tackle this problem, and immunotherapies are emerging as pathogen-specific and nonresistance-generating alternatives to antimicrobials. In this work, four types of antibody formats and their potential for the development of antibody-based immunotherapies against bacteria are discussed. These antibody isotypes include conventional mammalian polyclonal antibodies that are used for the neutralization of toxins; conventional mammalian monoclonal antibodies that currently have 100 IgG mAbs approved for therapeutic use; immunoglobulin Y found in birds and an excellent source of high-quality polyclonal antibodies able to be purified noninvasively from egg yolks; and single domain antibodies (also known as nanobodies), a recently discovered antibody format (found in camelids and nurse sharks) that allows for a low-cost synthesis in microbial systems, access to hidden or hard-to-reach epitopes, and exhibits a high modularity for the development of complex structures.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据