☆ 4.7 Review

Application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes from different sources in intervertebral disc degeneration

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Overview of Stem Cell Therapy in Intervertebral Disc Disease: Clinical Perspective

Ayshe Hajiesmailpoor et al.

Summary: Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD) is a common pathological condition caused by an imbalance of anabolic and catabolic metabolisms in the Intervertebral Disc (IVD), leading to changes in the Extracellular Matrix (ECM), impaired metabolic regulation of Nucleus Pulposus (NP), and increased oxidative stress. IDD is associated with back and neck pain, and current interventions lack the ability to inhibit its progression and restore IVD function. Stem cell-based therapies show promise in regenerating IVD and restoring cellular function, and have been the focus of clinical trials and preliminary studies on biological disc repair.

CURRENT STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2023)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Proteolysis of ECM in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Huaizhen Liang et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common pathological process that leads to lower back pain. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in disc degeneration is crucial for the development of lumbar disc intervention strategies. This article explores the relationship between the intervertebral disc and the extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as the role of ECM proteolysis in the degenerative process. Targeting proteases associated with ECM proteolysis could be an effective intervention approach for IDD.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Rheumatology

A new immunometabolic perspective of intervertebral disc degeneration

Vera Francisco et al.

Summary: Studies have found that immunometabolic alterations in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are closely related to intervertebral disc degeneration, involving the abnormal production of proteins such as adipokines and exacerbation of inflammatory responses.

NATURE REVIEWS RHEUMATOLOGY (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Guoshuai Cao et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common degenerative disease that causes severe socioeconomic impact and is a major cause of low back pain and herniated discs. Oxidative stress is an important mechanism in the activation of IDD, affecting cellular aging, inflammation, autophagy, and DNA methylation. Antioxidant therapy has shown promising results in alleviating IDD.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Extracellular vesicle and soluble fractions of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells secretome induce inflammatory cytokines modulation in an in vitro model of discogenic pain

Elsa Gonzalez-Cubero et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells secretome (CM) in the treatment of discogenic pain. The results show that compared to extracellular vesicles (EVs) and soluble culture fraction (SF), the presence of whole CM has a greater positive effect on regulating inflammation and inhibiting degradation factors. This suggests that CM may protect against degenerative disc disease and associated pain.

SPINE JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Basic Biology, Applications, and Challenges

Yi-Zhou Huang et al.

Summary: Regenerative medicine based on stem cell research has the potential to provide advanced health care for human beings. Human urine-derived stem cells (USCs), which are simple, low-cost, and noninvasive to isolate, have shown promising applications in regenerative medicine due to their high expandability and differentiation ability. USCs have shown potential in genitourinary regeneration, musculoskeletal repair, skin wound healing, and disease treatment.

TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Application of stem cells in the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration

Wentao Zhang et al.

Summary: Stem cell therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration is emerging as a potential treatment option, with evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials showing its effectiveness in relieving pain and symptoms, reversing the degenerative cascade, delaying the aging process, and maintaining spinal function. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and effects of stem cells in IDD treatment.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Fundamentals of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Sertac Kirnaz et al.

Summary: Lumbar disc degeneration is a major cause of chronic low back pain, often due to an imbalance between catabolic and anabolic processes in the intervertebral discs. Regenerative biological therapies have the potential to directly address this degenerative process.

WORLD NEUROSURGERY (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Interleukin-1β More Than Mechanical Loading Induces a Degenerative Phenotype in Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells, Partially Impaired by Anti-Proteolytic Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome

Raquel M. Goncalves et al.

Summary: This study investigated the impact of the MSC secretome on human annulus fibrosus cells exposed to mechanical loading and a pro-inflammatory environment. The results showed that the inflammatory milieu had a stronger impact on the cells than physiological mechanical stress. The MSC secretome decreased the production of certain proteases in the cells and increased the production of TIMP-1.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Injectable cartilage matrix hydrogel loaded with cartilage endplate stem cells engineered to release exosomes for non-invasive treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration

Liwen Luo et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel and efficient non-invasive combinational strategy for treating IVDD by injecting ECM-Gels loaded with CESCs that express sustained release of functional exosomes.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Oncology

Exosomes-derived miR-125-5p from cartilage endplate stem cells regulates autophagy and ECM metabolism in nucleus pulposus by targeting SUV38H1

Dong Chen et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of normal CESC-derived exosomes (N-CESC-exo) on autophagy, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and their molecular mechanisms. The study found that N-CESC-exo can reduce apoptosis and decrease the expression of certain proteins in degenerated NPCs, while increasing the expression of other proteins, thereby alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration in rats.

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Exosomes: A promising therapeutic strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration

Chenglong Wang et al.

Summary: Low back pain is a global problem, and intervertebral disc degeneration is often considered as its main cause. Current treatment methods cannot restore the normal structure of the intervertebral disc. Exosomes, as active biological substances for promoting tissue regeneration, have shown potential in the treatment of IDD.

EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY (2022)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Extracellular Vesicles as an Emerging Treatment Option for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Therapeutic Potential, Translational Pathways, and Regulatory Considerations

Tyler J. DiStefano et al.

Summary: Research has shown that stem cell-derived EVs can slow down the progression of IVDD at the molecular, cellular, and organ levels. The pathophysiological and differentiation state of the EV parent cell affects downstream treatment responses and therapeutic outcomes. These findings support the use of EVs as a promising cell-free strategy for treating IVDD and enhancing endogenous repair.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Orthopedics

Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Jingguo Xin et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) causes various symptoms and signs, and current treatments can only relieve pain but not reverse IDD. Biotherapy, focusing on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), has shown promise in experiments, but there are challenges in translating it to clinical treatment.

ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY (2022)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Transcription regulators differentiate mesenchymal stem cells into chondroprogenitors, and their in vivo implantation regenerated the intervertebral disc degeneration

Shumaila Khalid et al.

Summary: The study suggests that promoting the differentiation of human umbilical cord MSCs into chondrocytes through transcription factors can accelerate cartilage regeneration, providing a new approach for stem cell-based therapy for degenerative disc diseases.

WORLD JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS (2022)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles-derived microRNA-194-5p delays the development of intervertebral disc degeneration by targeting TRAF6

Zhongyi Sun et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated that miR-194-5p derived from MSCs-EVs can protect TNF-alpha-intervened NP cells by regulating TRAF6, providing a potential target for IDD treatment. This finding may offer new insights into the mechanism and therapeutic strategies for IDD.

REGENERATIVE THERAPY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Degenerative Nucleus Pulposus Cells Derived Exosomes Promoted Cartilage Endplate Cells Apoptosis and Aggravated Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Xiaofei Feng et al.

Summary: This study investigated whether degenerative NP cell-derived exosomes promote apoptosis of CEP cells and aggravate intervertebral disc degeneration. The results demonstrated that degenerated NPC exosomes induce CEPC apoptosis, inhibit extracellular matrix synthesis, and promote degradation, leading to aggravated disc degeneration.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2022)

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Review Orthopedics

The involvement of immune system in intervertebral disc herniation and degeneration

Fubiao Ye et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc herniation and degeneration are closely related to low back pain, but the molecular pathogenesis is not fully understood. Inflammation plays a crucial role in this process, and the immune system may be involved. While the nucleus pulposus is an immune-privileged organ, the disruption of the physical barrier and the innervation and vascularization of the degenerated disc may lead to immune responses and pain generation.

JOR SPINE (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Review

Basanta Bhujel et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc degeneration is a common cause of lower back pain. Mesenchymal stem cells have great potential in treating this condition through the secretion of paracrine factors.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanical Stretch-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Expression on Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells Modulated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Hsin- Chang et al.

Summary: Mechanical stretching of annulus fibrosus cells leads to ER stress, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and increased production of ROS, thereby accelerating intervertebral disc degeneration.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Carrying circ_0050205 Attenuate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Xiao-Jun Yu et al.

Summary: It has been found that BMSC-EVs promote NPC survival, inhibit NPC ECM degradation, and attenuate IDD progression by modulating the circ_0050205/miR-665/GPX4 axis.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

circ_0072464 Shuttled by Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Secreted Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits Nucleus Pulposus Cell Ferroptosis to Relieve Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Xiaojun Yu et al.

Summary: This study found that BMSC-EV-loaded circ_0072464 relieved IDD by inhibiting NPC ferroptosis through upregulation of miR-431-mediated NRF2. Mechanistically, circ_0072464 competitively bound to miR-431 to target and inhibit NRF2 expression.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2022)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

BMSC-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Modulating AKT/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy of Nucleus Pulposus Cells

Quan Xiao et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells and alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting autophagy via the inhibition of the Akt-mTOR pathway. This provides a promising therapeutic strategy for IDD.

STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Impact of Microenvironmental Changes during Degeneration on Intervertebral Disc Progenitor Cells: A Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Feng-Juan Lyu

Summary: Research on intervertebral disc degeneration and the response of its internal cells to stem cell implantation is crucial. Intervertebral disc progenitor cells share similarities with MSCs, but exhibit differences in potency and surface marker expression.

BIOENGINEERING-BASEL (2022)

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Article Orthopedics

Characterization of the human intervertebral disc cartilage endplate at the molecular, cell, and tissue levels

Katherine Lakstins et al.

Summary: This study characterized the structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype of the human cartilage endplate (CEP) compared with other tissues within the intervertebral joint. Significant differences were found between CEP and other tissues, with the potential identification of a CEP marker. This research may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for chronic low back pain.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Putting the Pieces in Place: Mobilizing Cellular Players to Improve Annulus Fibrosus Repair

Ana P. Peredo et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc herniation can cause neural compression, pain, and loss of function, with surgical intervention carrying risks of reherniation and further degeneration. Traditional repair methods fail to address rupture of the annulus fibrosus, highlighting the need to mobilize cellular players for improved healing outcomes.

TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Dosing extracellular vesicles

Dhanu Gupta et al.

Summary: This study analyzed 64 pre-clinical studies on EV-based therapeutics and found variations in dosing strategies regardless of EV purification method. Disease models influenced dose discrepancies, showing a need for qualitative consideration in EV dosing. Recommendations were made to focus on qualitative aspects like therapeutic cargo potency for better reliability and reproducibility in EV-based therapeutics.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Engineering and loading therapeutic extracellular vesicles for clinical translation: A data reporting frame for comparability

Max Piffoux et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as new drug delivery systems and regenerative cell-free effectors, with intrinsic biocompatibility and targeting capabilities, but clinical translation is still hindered by difficulties in production and loading of EVs.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Scaled preparation of extracellular vesicles from conditioned media

Simon Staubach et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially those from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), are being increasingly explored as biotherapeutic agents for various diseases. To translate them effectively into clinical applications, scalable production processes that comply with good manufacturing practice (GMP) are necessary. The scalability of conventional EV preparation methods poses a major challenge in the therapeutic EV field, requiring the identification of appropriate concentration and purification methods for scale-up. Adopting principles from enveloped viruses, which have been used in clinics for over two decades, can provide valuable insights for EV manufacturing.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Pathology

Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Regulate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Nucleus Pulposus Cells Implications of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress for Extracellular Matrix Secretion

Emanuel J. Novais et al.

Summary: The study found that HIF-1 alpha in the hypoxic environment attenuates ER stress responses in nucleus pulposus cells, and ER stress promotes inefficient extracellular matrix secretion under hypoxia.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Cell-adaptable dynamic hydrogel reinforced with stem cells improves the functional repair of spinal cord injury by alleviating neuroinflammation

Xin Yuan et al.

Summary: The CaNeu hydrogel is an adaptable cell hydrogel developed for delivering ADSCs to promote neuronal regeneration after SCI.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Translational insights into stem cell preconditioning: From molecular mechanisms to preclinical applications

Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli et al.

Summary: Cell-based therapy and stem cell-based regenerative medicine are new approaches for treating degenerative diseases, but face challenges in clinical practice. Preconditioning methods could improve the outcomes of stem cell therapy by enhancing cell resistance against the host environment and improving various biological aspects of cells.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Secretome of Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Stem Cells: Is It Immunosuppressive or Proinflammatory?

M. Kiselevskii et al.

Summary: Studies have shown that bone marrow MSC culture exhibits intensive production of IL-6, IL-8, and chemokine MCP-1, raising risks for cytokine storm and GVHD, with no anti-inflammatory IL-4 and IL-10 present. Therefore, further research is needed to promote the generation of MSC with tolerogenic potential and establish approved clinical standards for MSC use.

BULLETIN OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Exosomes miR-15a promotes nucleus pulposus-mesenchymal stem cells chondrogenic differentiation by targeting MMP-3

Qiang Zhang et al.

Summary: The study shows that exo-miR-15a secreted by NP cells promotes chondrogenic differentiation of NP-MSCs by downregulating MMP-3 through the PI3K/Akt and Wnt3a/beta-catenin axis. This suggests that miR-15a may play a significant role in intervertebral disc degeneration.

CELLULAR SIGNALLING (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Cartilage endplate stem cells inhibit intervertebral disc degeneration by releasing exosomes to nucleus pulposus cells to activate Akt/autophagy

Liwen Luo et al.

Summary: The study revealed the therapeutic effects of exosomes on intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), showing that they inhibit nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) apoptosis and activate the AKT and autophagy pathways to delay the progression of IVDD.

STEM CELLS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stem Cell and Macrophage Roles in Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Medicine

Pasqualina Scala et al.

Summary: The article summarizes the repair of skeletal muscle tissue structure and functionality through the involvement of multiple cell types in severe muscle injury, such as muscle stem cells and peripheral blood mononucleate cells. It describes the potential effects of peripheral cell infusions as a new therapy for muscle healing and their impact on immune responses.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapy

Xu Zhang et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential as a cell-free strategy for cancer therapy, with the ability to be modified and engineered to enhance their therapeutic efficiency and safety. Recent advances have focused on strategies to scale up production, improve cargo-loading, and enhance tumor-targeting of engineered EVs.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Extracellular vesicles derived from melatonin-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells containing USP29 repair traumatic spinal cord injury by stabilizing NRF2

Wei Liu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that extracellular vesicles derived from melatonin-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury by facilitating microglia/macrophages polarization from M1-like to M2-like state. This effect is mediated by the increased presence of ubiquitin-specific protease 29 (USP29) in the vesicles, which interacts with and stabilizes nuclear factor-like 2 (NRF2) to regulate microglia/macrophages polarization. Additionally, the study highlights the role of melatonin in reducing global N6-methyladenosine modification and levels of the m(6)A writer METTL3, enhancing the stability of USP29 mRNA in MSCs.

JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration by transferring microRNA-199a

Tao Wen et al.

Summary: This study revealed that EVs secreted by BMSCs promote IDD repair through miR-199a, reducing NPC apoptosis and senescence, and protecting NPCs by targeting GREM1 and downregulating the TGF-beta pathway.

CELL CYCLE (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles

Kelly Aubertin et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles are proposed as alternative biotherapies to cellular therapies and synthetic nanomedicines, with logistic advantages and potential for treating a wide spectrum of diseases.

M S-MEDECINE SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Elucidating the role of cell-mediated inflammatory cytokines on allogeneic mouse-derived nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells

Chinnarasu Marimuthu et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the cell-mediated specific anti-donor antibody and its associated inflammatory cytokine secretion on Nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NPMSCs). The results showed elevated cell-mediated antibody secretion in T and B cells positive mouse group, as well as stimulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines by allogeneic-derived donor NPMSCs. The study highlights the importance of monitoring pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in allogeneic stem cells-based therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration.

JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Exosomes Derived from Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Compression-Induced Nucleus Pulposus Cell Apoptosis by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress

Yiqiang Hu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that BMSCs-Exos alleviate compression-induced NP cell apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress, providing a promising cell-free therapy for treating IVD degeneration.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2021)

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Review Pathology

Tissue-derived extracellular vesicles: Research progress from isolation to application

Bo Qin et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are structures released by cells into the environment, and studies on directly isolating EVs from tissues are limited. Such studies may provide us with better information.

PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Oncology

Extracellular Vesicle (EV) biohybrid systems for cancer therapy: Recent advances and future perspectives

Yi-Hsuan Ou et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are explored as next-generation drug delivery systems for cancer therapy due to their endogenous origin, while EV-biohybrid nano-DDSs, combining EVs with conventional synthetic nanoDDSs, offer a potential alternative to overcome limitations and enhance therapeutic outcomes in cancer treatment.

SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Intranasal delivery of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles for the treatment of neurological diseases

Shay Herman et al.

Summary: Neurological disorders are characterized by cell degeneration and neural functional deficiencies in the central nervous system. MSC-derived EVs can be administered intranasally to effectively target the CNS and deliver cargo to modulate gene expression and protein functions. This therapy shows promise in treating neurological diseases by modulating immune responses, promoting neurogenesis, and protecting neurons.

STEM CELLS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Influence of extracellular nanovesicles derived from adipose-derived stem cells on nucleus pulposus cell from patients with intervertebral disc degeneration

Zhiqiang Zhang et al.

Summary: The study found that extracellular nanovesicles derived from ADSCs can promote migration and proliferation of NP cells, inhibit inflammatory activity, and potentially be used for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Engineering, Chemical

Extracellular Vesicle Transportation and Uptake by Recipient Cells: A Critical Process to Regulate Human Diseases

Zhi Hao Kwok et al.

Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in modulating human diseases, but further research is needed to understand their transportation and uptake mechanisms. Understanding the specificity of EV transport is crucial for the development of EVs as valuable diagnostics and therapeutics.

PROCESSES (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Cartilage Endplate Stem Cells Transdifferentiate Into Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Autocrine Exosomes

Liwen Luo et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that stem cells derived from cartilage endplate cells could transdifferentiate into nucleus pulposus cells via autocrine exosomes, activating the HIF-1 alpha/Wnt pathway to promote invasion, migration, and differentiation, thus inhibiting intervertebral disc degeneration. Additionally, GATA4 played a key role in promoting TGF-beta secretion and enhancing the transdifferentiation of stem cells, ultimately aiding in intervertebral disc repair.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Constructing a cell microenvironment with biomaterial scaffolds for stem cell therapy

Xiaotong Zhao et al.

Summary: Stem cell therapy is recognized as a promising strategy for treating degenerative diseases, but low cell retention and survival rates limit its clinical applications. Emerging biomaterials that provide a supportive cellular microenvironment have optimized the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in injured tissues. Advances in engineered microenvironment, through co-transplanting with synthetic and tissue-derived biomaterials, offer unprecedented opportunities for significant influences in tissue repair and regeneration.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2021)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Stem Cell Therapy and Exercise for Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Bo Li et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc (IVD) as part of the motor system is a complicated tissue that may lead to low back pain (LBP) due to degeneration, caused by factors such as cell senescence, hydration lost, and inflammation. Stem cells found in various organs have attracted researchers and clinicians for their potential in treating tissue injury and degeneration, while the effects of exercise on IVD degeneration and the relationship between IVD degeneration and musculoskeletal disorders like sarcopenia are also under discussion.

STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Bruce A. Bunnell

Summary: This article discusses the importance and potential clinical applications of stem cells within adipose tissue, which are multipotent and secrete various cytokines.

CELLS (2021)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Regulating the fate of stem cells for regenerating the intervertebral disc degeneration

Sobia Ekram et al.

Summary: Lower back pain is a leading cause of disability and significant socioeconomic burden. Intervertebral disc degeneration is complex, with its pathophysiology involving factors such as aging, inflammation, and genetic factors. Current therapies focus on pain management and surgical interventions, highlighting the need for regenerative medicine-based approaches for disc repair and healing.

WORLD JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in cancers and non-cancer diseases: Present and future

Su-Ran Li et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayer membrane structures secreted by most cell types, acting as messengers through the transfer of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids to influence cellular processes. Tissue-derived EVs (Ti-EVs) offer advantages such as tissue specificity and accurate reflection of the tissue microenvironment, playing important roles in intercellular communication and disease development insights. Current research on Ti-EVs is limited compared to body fluid or cell culture-derived EVs, highlighting the need for further exploration in basic and clinical applications.

JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Technological Approaches in the Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Nucleotide Sequences

Tine Tesovnik et al.

Summary: EV cargoes, including DNA and RNA nucleotide sequences, play a crucial role in regulating cellular processes and eliciting responses. The diversity and biological function of EV nucleotide sequences vary among EV subgroups, posing challenges in their analysis. Advanced techniques like next-generation sequencing offer sensitive and accurate detection of EV biomarkers, leading to potential therapeutic applications.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Therapeutic effect of co-culture of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and degenerated nucleus pulposus cells on intervertebral disc degeneration

Ming Shi et al.

Summary: In this study, the co-culture of BMSCs and NPCs was found to have a positive effect on reducing NPC apoptosis rate and delaying intervertebral disc degeneration. miR-155 was identified as a key factor in regulating autophagy and apoptosis levels in NPCs, ultimately improving intervertebral disc health.

SPINE JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells deliver exogenous miR-105-5p via small extracellular vesicles to rejuvenate senescent nucleus pulposus cells and attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration

Yongjin Sun et al.

Summary: iMSC-sEVs could delay the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration and rejuvenate senescent nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) by activating the Sirt6 pathway. Moreover, miR-105-5p enriched in iMSC-sEVs plays a crucial role in the therapeutic effect by downregulating PDE4D and leading to Sirt6 activation.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering Extracellular Vesicles Restore the Impaired Cellular Uptake and Attenuate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Zhiwei Liao et al.

Summary: EVs deliver antioxidant proteins to protect against pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells; Cavin-2-modified engineering EVs exhibit an improved uptake rate in TNF-alpha-treated NPCs, ameliorating cell death and retarding IDD progression.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Technological advances towards extracellular vesicles mass production

Alice Grangier et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play essential roles in bio-therapeutics as both therapeutic agents and cargo delivery vehicles. Challenges remain in achieving large-scale production to reduce treatment costs, and current research is focused on developing high-yield manufacturing methods through platforms like large-scale cell cultures and cell stimulation techniques.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

A call for the standardised reporting of factors affecting the exogenous loading of extracellular vesicles with therapeutic cargos

Stephanie Rankin-Turner et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are complex nanoparticles that have shown potential as natural platforms for enhanced therapeutic delivery across biological barriers. However, there is currently no standard reporting framework established for therapeutic loading of EVs for drug delivery applications.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

NF-κB signalling pathways in nucleus pulposus cell function and intervertebral disc degeneration

Guang-Zhi Zhang et al.

Summary: NF-κB is considered a pathogenic factor of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), studying its role and regulatory mechanism in IDD pathology can help in developing targeted therapeutic strategies to reduce potential risks.

CELL PROLIFERATION (2021)

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Review Immunology

Anti-inflammatory and M2 macrophage polarization-promoting effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes

Maedeh Arabpour et al.

Summary: MSC-derived exosomes have the potential to polarize M2 macrophages and modulate inflammation in various diseases and conditions like CNS diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiomyopathy.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells deliver exogenous miR-26a-5p via exosomes to inhibit nucleus pulposus cell pyroptosis through METTL14/NLRP3

Xiaoqiu Yuan et al.

Summary: The study revealed that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes could protect nucleus pulposus cells from pyroptosis by targeting METTL14, thereby preventing intervertebral disc degeneration.

MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Exosomal MATN3 of Urine-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Antisenescence Effects and Promotes NPC Proliferation and ECM Synthesis by Activating TGF-β

Zhu Guo et al.

Summary: The study found that human urine-derived stem cell exosomes (USC-exos) could promote nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis by transferring the MATN3 protein, potentially playing a role in alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2021)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Extracellular Vesicles in Regenerative Medicine: Potentials and Challenges

Ji Yong Lee et al.

Summary: Regenerative medicine aims to restore damaged tissues and organs, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) being a promising approach due to their ability to overcome limitations of cell therapies and be engineered for specific purposes. Over the past decade, EVs have emerged as a therapeutic agent for various diseases and conditions due to their multifaceted biological functions.

TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Hypoxia preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells enhance myoblast fusion and skeletal muscle regeneration

Karolina Archacka et al.

Summary: Skeletal muscle reconstruction relies on unipotent stem cells, such as satellite cells, which are activated in response to muscle injury. The study found that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) cultured under hypoxic conditions increased VEGF expression and improved myogenesis, leading to enhanced cell engraftment and new vessel formation when transplanted into injured muscles. SDF-1 and VEGF secreted by hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs played a crucial role in cell engraftment and angiogenesis.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Injectable exosome-functionalized extracellular matrix hydrogel for metabolism balance and pyroptosis regulation in intervertebral disc degeneration

Hongyuan Xing et al.

Summary: Exosome therapy is a promising approach for treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) by regulating metabolic disorders, the microenvironment, and cell homeostasis through sustained release of microRNAs, proteins, and transcription factors. The thermosensitive dECM@exo hydrogel system, coupled with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes, provides in situ gelation to replenish ECM leakage in nucleus pulposus cells and environment for their growth, while regulating matrix synthesis, degradation, and inhibiting inflammatory responses. Animal studies show that this system helps maintain early IVD microenvironment homeostasis and can potentially serve as a powerful platform for drug delivery and therapy for IVDD.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Applications in Regenerative Medicine

Mangesh D. Hade et al.

Summary: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all cell types to aid in various cellular functions, including intercellular communication and immune signaling. They carry a multitude of signaling moieties, making them potential candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The review highlights the emerging roles and potential applications of exosomes in regenerative medicine, particularly in brain injuries, cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19.

CELLS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Stem Cells and Exosomes: New Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Zoe Krut et al.

Summary: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a result of imbalanced anabolic and catabolic processes in the disc, naturally occurring with age. Current treatments lack the ability to stop disease progression or restore functionality, while stem cell-derived exosomes show potential as a therapeutic option.

CELLS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Cell Interplay in Osteoarthritis

Zihao Li et al.

Summary: Osteoarthritis is a common chronic disease that affects cartilage and entire joint tissues. Understanding the complex crosstalk among different joint tissues is critical in elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of OA. This review provides a comprehensive summary of key cells involved in OA pathogenesis and discusses their communication mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Augment Regeneration of Intervertebral Disc in a Reproducible and Validated Mouse Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model

Manish Baldia et al.

Summary: The study found that injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a mouse disc degeneration model promoted disc regeneration, restored disc height, and increased collagen fiber content.

NEUROLOGY INDIA (2021)

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Article Physiology

Urine-Derived Stem Cells Express 571 Neuromuscular Disorders Causing Genes, Making Them a Potential in vitro Model for Rare Genetic Diseases

Maria Sofia Falzarano et al.

Summary: The study found that urinary stem cells (USCs) are easily accessible patient-derived cells that can be used to study neuromuscular genetic diseases, especially those currently involved in clinical trials.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

microRNA-129-5p shuttled by mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via blockade of LRG1-mediated p38 MAPK activation

Shaoqian Cui et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that MSC-derived EVs delivering miR-129-5p alleviated IDD by targeting LRG1 and suppressing the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, providing a novel therapeutic approach for IDD.

JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Andrology

Functional characterization of the immunomodulatory properties of human urine-derived stem cells

Rongpei Wu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that USCs possess high expression of MSC markers and lack expression of hematopoietic stem cell markers, exhibiting MSC phenotype. USCs secreted immunoregulatory cytokines and possessed immunomodulatory properties comparable to those of BMSCs.

TRANSLATIONAL ANDROLOGY AND UROLOGY (2021)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Preclinical translation of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

Fanny M. Elahi et al.

STEM CELLS (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer

Fumihiko Urabe et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes

Raghu Kalluri et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Applications in Regenerative and Predictive Medicine

Guida Bento et al.

CELLS (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Extracellular vesicles as drug delivery systems: Why and how?

Omnia M. Elsharkasy et al.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Orthopedics

The protective effects of PI3K/Akt pathway on human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells against hypoxia and nutrition deficiency

DaSheng Tian et al.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Oncology

Exosomal miR-532-5p from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reduce intervertebral disc degeneration by targeting RASSF5

Guangduo Zhu et al.

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes ameliorate nucleus pulposus cells apoptosis via delivering miR-142-3p: therapeutic potential for intervertebral disc degenerative diseases

Lifan Zhu et al.

CELL CYCLE (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Extracellular vesicles for tumor targeting delivery based on five features principle

Tuying Yong et al.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2020)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Exosomes Derived from Human Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Carrying AntagomiR-4450 Alleviate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Through Upregulation of ZNF121

Qiling Yuan et al.

STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Exosomes Derived from Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells Inhibit Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Ameliorating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

HongFei Xiang et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2020)

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Review Orthopedics

Pathomechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration

Takeshi Oichi et al.

JOR SPINE (2020)

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Article Orthopedics

Stem Cell Treatment for Knee Articular Cartilage Defects and Osteoarthritis

Armin Arshi et al.

CURRENT REVIEWS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The Immune Privilege of the Intervertebral Disc: Implications for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Treatment

Zhen Sun et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium restored the expression of collagen II and aggrecan in nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells exposed to high glucose

Lei Qi et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles - Functions and Therapeutic Applications

Rosanne E. Veerman et al.

TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SIRT6 Is Responsible for More Efficient DNA Double-Strand Break Repair in Long-Lived Species

Xiao Tian et al.

CELL (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Cell death: a review of the major forms of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy

Mark S. D'Arcy

CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The NLRP3 Inflammasome: An Overview of Mechanisms of Activation and Regulation

Nathan Kelley et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2019)

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Article Cell Biology

Defining mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles for therapeutic applications

Kenneth W. Witwer et al.

JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES (2019)

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Review Oncology

Roles of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in cancer

Peng Wang et al.

CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration via anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects

Chen Xia et al.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2019)

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Review Orthopedics

Controversies in regenerative medicine: Should intervertebral disc degeneration be treated with mesenchymal stem cells?

Markus Loibl et al.

JOR SPINE (2019)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells modulate endoplasmic reticulum stress to protect against nucleus pulposus cell death and ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration in vivo

Zhiwei Liao et al.

THERANOSTICS (2019)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 induces matrix metalloproteinase expression in human endplate chondrocytes, cartilage endplate degradation in explant culture, and the amelioration of nucleus pulposus degeneration in vivo

Hua Zhang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Mesenchymal stem cells deliver exogenous miR-21 via exosomes to inhibit nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and reduce intervertebral disc degeneration

Xiaofei Cheng et al.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Lycorine Suppresses Endplate-Chondrocyte Degeneration and Prevents Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting NF-κB Signalling Pathway

Gangliang Wang et al.

CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Recognition of RNA N6- methyladenosine by IGF2BP proteins enhances mRNA stability and translation

Huilin Huang et al.

NATURE CELL BIOLOGY (2018)

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Review Cell Biology

Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles

Guillaume van Niel et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into nucleus pulposus-like cells

Ruhang Tang et al.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sirtuin 3-dependent mitochondrial redox homeostasis protects against AGEs-induced intervertebral disc degeneration

Yu Song et al.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Clinical Neurology

The Impact of Chronic Discogenic Low Back Pain: Costs and Patients' Burden

Jose W. Geurts et al.

PAIN RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Glycosylated extracellular vesicles released by glioblastoma cells are decorated by CCL18 allowing for cellular uptake via chemokine receptor CCR8

Jordi Berenguer et al.

JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES (2018)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Biomechanics of the human intervertebral disc: A review of testing techniques and results

N. Newell et al.

JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS (2017)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Comparison of biological characteristics of nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells derived from non-degenerative and degenerative human nucleus pulposus

Zhiwei Jia et al.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2017)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Exosomes of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells stimulate angiogenesis

Motohiro Komaki et al.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2017)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Urine-Derived Stem Cells: The Present and the Future

Xiaoli Ji et al.

STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Resveratrol protects against mitochondrial dysfunction through autophagy activation in human nucleus pulposus cells

Baolong Zhang et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2017)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering exosomes as refined biological nanoplatforms for drug delivery

Xin Luan et al.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Re-Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Smart Nanoscale Therapeutics

James P. K. Armstrong et al.

ACS NANO (2017)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Elucidation of Exosome Migration Across the Blood-Brain Barrier Model In Vitro

Claire C. Chen et al.

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOENGINEERING (2016)

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Article Cell Biology

Salubrinal Suppresses IL-17-Induced Upregulation of MMP-13 and Extracellular Matrix Degradation Through the NF-kB Pathway in Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells

Zhixiao Yao et al.

INFLAMMATION (2016)

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Review Orthopedics

Advances in biological therapy for nucleus pulposus regeneration

P. Priyadarshani et al.

OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Engineering hybrid exosomes by membrane fusion with liposomes

Yuko T. Sato et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

ExtraPEG: A Polyethylene Glycol-Based Method for Enrichment of Extracellular Vesicles

Mark A. Rider et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

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Review Biology

Present and future challenges of induced pluripotent stem cells

Mari Ohnuki et al.

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2015)

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Review Anatomy & Morphology

Why Do Some Intervertebral Discs Degenerate, When Others (in the Same Spine) Do Not?

Michael A. Adams et al.

CLINICAL ANATOMY (2015)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comparison of Discectomy versus Sequestrectomy in Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies

Jisheng Ran et al.

PLOS ONE (2015)

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Article Cell Biology

Extracellular vesicle in vivo biodistribution is determined by cell source, route of administration and targeting

Oscar P. B. Wiklander et al.

JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES (2015)

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Article Cell Biology

Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials - an ISEV position paper

Thomas Lener et al.

JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES (2015)

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Review Rheumatology

Role of cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: pain and disc content

Makarand V. Risbud et al.

NATURE REVIEWS RHEUMATOLOGY (2014)

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Review Cell Biology

Extracellular vesicles: Exosomes, microvesicles, and friends

Graca Raposo et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2013)

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Article Orthopedics

Apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy in rat nucleus pulposus cells: Implications for diabetic intervertebral disc degeneration

Libo Jiang et al.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH (2013)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities

Samir EL Andaloussi et al.

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Differentiation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) into Nucleus Pulposus-Like Cells In Vitro

Jun Chen et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of mitochondrial pathway in compression-induced apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells

Fan Ding et al.

APOPTOSIS (2012)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Toward tailored exosomes: The exosomal tetraspanin web contributes to target cell selection

Sanyukta Rana et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

An injectable vehicle for nucleus pulposus cell-based therapy

Estelle C. Collin et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2011)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Therapeutic Potential of Bone Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells

Eva Mezey

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY (2011)

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Article Oncology

Deregulated miR-155 promotes Fas-mediated apoptosis in human intervertebral disc degeneration by targeting FADD and caspase-3

Hai-Qiang Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2011)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Characteristics of Stem Cells Derived from the Degenerated Human Intervertebral Disc Cartilage Endplate

Lan-Tao Liu et al.

PLOS ONE (2011)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mesenchymal stem cell secretes microparticles enriched in pre-microRNAs

Tian Sheng Chen et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2010)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Sox11 Is Expressed in Early Progenitor Human Multipotent Stromal Cells and Decreases with Extensive Expansion of the Cells

Benjamin L. Larson et al.

TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A (2010)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Arrest Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Through Chondrocytic Differentiation and Stimulation of Endogenous Cells

Fan Yang et al.

MOLECULAR THERAPY (2009)

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Article Cell Biology

Isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from human placenta: Comparison with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Zongning Miao et al.

CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL (2006)

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Article Developmental Biology

LIF/STAT3 controls ES cell self-renewal and pluripotency by a Myc-dependent mechanism

P Cartwright et al.

DEVELOPMENT (2005)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Long-term follow-up of functional outcomes and radiographic changes at adjacent levels following lumbar spine fusion for degenerative disc disease

MN Kumar et al.

EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL (2001)

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