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Oncology
Rebecca L. Siegel et al.
Summary: Each year, the American Cancer Society compiles data on cancer occurrence and outcomes in the United States. The latest data shows that breast and prostate cancer progress has stagnated, while lung cancer has shown improvements in survival rates. Lung cancer incidence for advanced disease has declined while localized-stage rates have increased, resulting in higher survival rates. Mortality patterns align with incidence trends, with lung cancer deaths declining rapidly, breast cancer deaths slowing, and prostate cancer deaths stabilizing.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Erin J. Helms et al.
Summary: This study reveals the origins and functions of distinct cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) subtypes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It shows that the abundant and transcriptionally diverse CAF population in PDAC arises from pancreatic stellate cells (PSC), but only a minor subset is derived from PSCs. These PSC-derived CAFs have unique functions in shaping the PDAC microenvironment.
Review
Physiology
Giulia Biffi et al.
Summary: Efforts to develop anti-cancer therapies have mainly targeted the epithelial compartment, but recent studies have shown the significant influence of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor progression. CAFs not only promote cancer cell proliferation, therapy resistance, and immune exclusion, but may also restrain tumor progression in certain contexts. Research on CAFs has focused on their heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions across different cancer types and states, as well as advancements in therapeutic strategies targeting CAFs currently undergoing preclinical and clinical evaluation.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
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Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara T. Grunwald et al.
Summary: Through large-scale integration of histology-guided regional multiOMICs with clinical data and patient-derived preclinical models, we identified distinct subTMEs in the human pancreatic tumor microenvironment (TME) that are linked to tumor immunity, subtypes, differentiation, and treatment response. Reactive subTMEs rich in coordinated fibroblast communities were immune hot, while matrix-rich deserted subTMEs harbored fewer activated fibroblasts but showed chemoprotective features. These subTMEs originated in fibroblast differentiation trajectories and produced patient-specific heterogeneity tightly linked to malignant biology.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaoyi Xiong et al.
Summary: This study identified an oncogene KNSTRN that promotes tumorigenesis and gemcitabine resistance by activating AKT phosphorylation. KNSTRN interacts with PTEN and AKT at the cell membrane, facilitating AKT movement to PIP3 for activation. The findings suggest that KNSTRN may serve as a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Luca Tosti et al.
Summary: By employing single-nucleus RNA-sequencing protocols, this study constructed a comprehensive atlas of human pancreatic cells, identifying novel acinar cell types and highlighting differences in cellular composition in endocrine tissues. Additionally, the research revealed dynamic topographies of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine tissues, as well as potential cellular foundations in certain pancreatic diseases.
Review
Oncology
Yoshiaki Sunami et al.
Summary: Targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts has been considered a promising therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer, yet depleting these cells may have tumor-promoting effects due to their functional heterogeneity. It is therefore important to selectively target the tumor-promoting subtype of cancer-associated fibroblasts to achieve effective treatment outcomes.
Article
Cell Biology
Peng Chen et al.
Summary: Research has shown that ZWINT is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and promotes tumor growth by activating the p53/p21 signaling pathway. ZWINT interacts with p53 and promotes its ubiquitination and degradation, thus facilitating proliferation in pancreatic cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengyi Lao et al.
Summary: The study revealed an important role of regulator of calcineurin 1.4 (RCAN1.4) in regulating the progression of PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma), suppressing tumor cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Additionally, interferon alpha inducible protein 27 (IFI27) and VEGFA play crucial roles in RCAN1.4-mediated PDAC migration, invasion, and angiogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rubing Bai et al.
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a significant cause of death in the United States, with lipid droplet-associated genes playing a crucial role in the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Among these genes, CAV2 stands out as the only independent prognostic factor.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Kendelle J. Murphy et al.
Summary: PDAC is a highly lethal solid malignancy with a low five-year survival rate of around 10%. The interactions between tumor and stromal or immune cells in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment play a critical role in both promoting and restraining the development and progression of PDAC. Understanding the role of the extracellular matrix and stromal cells like cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is vital for developing effective treatment strategies for this aggressive disease.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shu Huang et al.
Summary: The study revealed that elevated expression of IFI27 in pancreatic cancer tissues is associated with poor prognosis, potentially affecting the tumor microenvironment by regulating cellular immunity and metabolism.
Article
Oncology
Claudia X. Dominguez et al.
Article
Oncology
Lawrence N. Barrera et al.
Review
Oncology
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Daniel Ohlund et al.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2017)
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zefang Tang et al.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2017)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Itay Tirosh et al.
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Medicine, General & Internal
Jorg Kleeff et al.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2016)
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Oncology
Lola Rahib et al.
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Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mert Erkan et al.
