期刊
CELLS
卷 11, 期 19, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells11193061
关键词
Rab GTPases; endothelial cells; vascular smooth muscle
类别
资金
- NHLBI grant [HL149662]
- UTHSC-College of Pharmacy
Rab GTPases, a family of widely expressed proteins, play important roles in cellular functions and have been found to be crucial for normal cell function in the vasculature, particularly in endothelial and smooth muscle cells.
Rab GTPases, the largest family of small GTPases, are ubiquitously expressed proteins that control various aspects of cellular function, from cell survival to exocytosis. Rabs cycle between the GDP-bound inactive form and the GTP-bound active form. When activated, specific Rab GTPase-positive vesicles mediate cellular networks involved in intracellular trafficking, recycling, and/or exocytosis of cargo proteins. Dysfunctional Rab signaling pathways have been implicated in various disease processes. The precise cellular functions of several members of the Rab GTPase family are still unknown. A lack of pharmacological tools and the lethality of gene knockouts have made more detailed characterizations of their protein interaction networks difficult. Nevertheless, available evidence suggests that these proteins are vital for normal cell function. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells control vascular lumen diameter and modulate blood flow. Endothelial cells also secrete several pro- and antithrombotic factors and vasoactive substances to coordinate local inflammatory responses and angiogenesis. Rab GTPase function in endothelial cells has been relatively well-explored, while only a handful of reports are available on these proteins in vascular smooth muscle. This review summarizes the present knowledge on Rab GTPases in the vasculature.
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