期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954801
关键词
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 vaccination; serum; antibodies and cytokines; metabolomic analysis
类别
资金
- Natural Science Foundation of China [81974306]
- Major Project of Natural Science Research of Anhui Education Department [KJ2019ZD23]
- Project of Quality Engineering of Anhui Province [2019zyrc017, 2020jyxm0864, 2021jcxkpy013]
- General Program of Scientific Research in Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province [ZR2019B04]
- Basic and Clinical Collaboration Enhancement Program Foundation of Anhui Medical University [2020xkjT023]
- Anhui Medical University [XJ201922]
The study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly affects the host metabolite levels, with certain metabolites such as L-glutamic acid, GABA, succinic acid, and taurine showing an increasing trend post-vaccination. Additionally, post-vaccination metabolites were mainly associated with butanoate metabolism and glutamate metabolism pathways and demonstrated a high discriminative ability between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
SARS-CoV-2 and its mutant strains continue to rapidly spread with high infection and fatality. Large-scale SARS-CoV-2 vaccination provides an important guarantee for effective resistance to existing or mutated SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. However, whether the host metabolite levels respond to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-influenced host immunity remains unclear. To help delineate the serum metabolome profile of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated volunteers and determine that the metabolites tightly respond to host immune antibodies and cytokines, in this study, a total of 59 sera samples were collected from 30 individuals before SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and from 29 COVID-19 vaccines 2 weeks after the two-dose vaccination. Next, untargeted metabolomics was performed and a distinct metabolic composition was revealed between the pre-vaccination (VB) group and two-dose vaccination (SV) group by partial least squares-discriminant and principal component analyses. Based on the criteria: FDR < 0.05, absolute log2 fold change greater than 0.25, and VIP >1, we found that L-glutamic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), succinic acid, and taurine showed increasing trends from SV to VB. Furthermore, SV-associated metabolites were mainly annotated to butanoate metabolism and glutamate metabolism pathways. Moreover, two metabolite biomarkers classified SV from VB individuals with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.96. Correlation analysis identified a positive association between four metabolites enriched in glutamate metabolism and serum antibodies in relation to IgG, IgM, and IgA. These results suggest that the contents of gamma-aminobutyric acid and indole in serum could be applied as biomarkers in distinguishing vaccinated volunteers from the unvaccinated. What's more, metabolites such as GABA and taurine may serve as a metabolic target for adjuvant vaccines to boost the ability of the individuals to improve immunity.
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