期刊
GENES
卷 13, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/genes13101814
关键词
thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection; acute aortic dissection; risk factor
资金
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [R01HL109942, R01HL146583]
- American Heart Association Merit Award
- Remembrin' Benjamin Foundation
- John Ritter Foundation
This article discusses the main risk factors associated with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAD), including genetic variants and environmental conditions, and explores the underlying mechanisms leading to TAD.
Thoracic aortic aneurysms involving the root and/or the ascending aorta enlarge over time until an acute tear in the intimal layer leads to a highly fatal condition, an acute aortic dissection (AAD). These Stanford type A AADs, in which the tear occurs above the sinotubular junction, leading to the formation of a false lumen in the aortic wall that may extend to the arch and thoracoabdominal aorta. Type B AADs originate in the descending thoracic aorta just distal to the left subclavian artery. Genetic variants and various environmental conditions that disrupt the aortic wall integrity have been identified that increase the risk for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAD). In this review, we discuss the predominant TAD-associated risk factors, focusing primarily on the non-genetic factors, and discuss the underlying mechanisms leading to TAD.
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