期刊
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
卷 16, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.955598
关键词
reactive astrocytes; axon regeneration; axon sprouting; CNS injury; glial scar; spinal cord injury; neural repair; astrogliosis
资金
- NIH/NINDS
- American Heart Association [UL1TR001998]
- Kentucky Spinal Cord and Head Injury Research Trust training fund
- University of Kentucky CCTS pilot award from NIH/NCATS
- [18CDA34060059]
This review summarizes the positive role of astrocytes in promoting axon regeneration and sprouting in the mature mammalian CNS, along with potential underlying mechanisms. The capacity of astrocytes to support axon growth is context-dependent and influenced by factors such as the local injury environment, neuron-intrinsic regenerative potential, and astrocytes' reactive states.
Understanding the regulation of axon growth after injury to the adult central nervous system (CNS) is crucial to improve neural repair. Following acute focal CNS injury, astrocytes are one cellular component of the scar tissue at the primary lesion that is traditionally associated with inhibition of axon regeneration. Advances in genetic models and experimental approaches have broadened knowledge of the capacity of astrocytes to facilitate injury-induced axon growth. This review summarizes findings that support a positive role of astrocytes in axon regeneration and axon sprouting in the mature mammalian CNS, along with potential underlying mechanisms. It is important to recognize that astrocytic functions, including modulation of axon growth, are context-dependent. Evidence suggests that the local injury environment, neuron-intrinsic regenerative potential, and astrocytes' reactive states determine the astrocytic capacity to support axon growth. An integrated understanding of these factors will optimize therapeutic potential of astrocyte-targeted strategies for neural repair.
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