Wind Catchers: An Element of Passive Ventilation in Hot, Arid and Humid Regions, a Comparative Analysis of Their Design and Function

This review study circumscribes wind catchers as vernacular zero-energy systems of passive ventilation. The research reviews various types of wind catchers and analyses their design, effectiveness and utility in building design. Furthermore, the study documented some of the technological transformations of wind catchers and their adaptation (functional and symbolic) in various regions. In this context, the complex design data of various wind catchers were appraised, and adaptable design data is compiled in Geographical and Regional Influences on Wind Catcher Design and Performance Evaluation of Wind Catchers of study. The design analysis uncovered interesting facts about the effectiveness of various types of wind catchers; for example, a wind catcher with one side could be employed only as a wind scoop, whereas a multi-sided wind catcher can work simultaneously as a wind scoop and a heat sink (exhaust). The study also revealed that, in the near past, wind catchers were extensively used for ventilation. However, in modern times they are being adapted as an element of urban and architectural (identity) rather than a functional element. Finally, the end results of this study present candid suggestions for using wind catchers in modern buildings and chalks out blueprints (design guidelines) to adapt wind catchers. Towards the adaptation of wind catchers in modern buildings, this study has worked out 14 key design modifications in different types of wind catcher. Most of these findings are related to improving wind intake, preventing dust and rain penetration, the size of a wind catcher's opening and shaft.

Automated summary

This study reviews the use of wind catchers as passive ventilation systems and analyzes their design, effectiveness, and utility in building design. It also examines the technological transformations and adaptations of wind catchers in different regions. The research findings reveal interesting facts about the effectiveness of different types of wind catchers and highlight the shift from their functional use to their incorporation as elements of urban and architectural identity. The study provides valuable suggestions for incorporating wind catchers in modern buildings and outlines design guidelines for their adaptation.