Impact of Storm Surge on the Yellow River Delta: Simulation and Analysis

Storm surges can lead to serious natural hazards and pose great threats to coastal areas, especially developed deltas. Assessing the risk of storm surges on coastal infrastructures is crucial for regional economic development and disaster mitigation. Combining in situ observations, remote sensing retrievals, and numerical simulation, storm surge floods in the Yellow River Delta (YRD) were calculated in different scenarios. The results showed that NE wind can cause the largest flooding area of 630 km(2), although the overall storm surge risk in the delta is at lower levels under various conditions. The coastal oilfields are principally at an increasing storm surge risk level. E and NE winds would result in storm surges of 0.9-1.4 m, increasing the risk of flooding in the coastal oilfields. Nearshore seabed erosion in storm events resulted in a decrease in inundation depths and inundation areas. To prevent and control storm surge disasters, we should adapt to local conditions. Different measures should be taken to prevent the disaster of storm surges on different seashores, such as planting saltmarsh vegetation to protect seawalls, while the key point is to construct and maintain seawalls on high-risk shorelines.

Automated summary

Storm surges pose a significant threat to coastal areas, especially developed deltas. Assessing the risk of storm surge on coastal infrastructures is crucial for economic development and disaster mitigation. This study calculated storm surge floods in the Yellow River Delta using various methods and found that the overall risk is relatively low, but coastal oilfields are at an increasing risk level. Wind directions can affect the extent of flooding, and storm events may cause erosion and decrease in inundation depths. Adaptation measures should be implemented based on local conditions, with a focus on constructing and maintaining seawalls on high-risk shorelines.