Entanglement and Charge-Sharpening Transitions in U(1) Symmetric Monitored Quantum Circuits

Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Operator Scaling Dimensions and Multifractality at Measurement-Induced Transitions

A. Zabalo et al.

Summary: This study investigates the measurement-induced phase transitions in quantum many-body systems and finds that generic and Clifford MIPTs for qubits belong to different universality classes.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2022)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-Induced Transition in Long-Range Interacting Quantum Circuits

Maxwell Block et al.

Summary: The presence of long-range power-law interactions fundamentally alters the nature of the transition between scrambling unitary evolution and projective measurements in the dynamics of quantum entanglement. For sufficiently weak power laws, the transition induced by measurements is described by conformal field theory, similar to short-range-interacting hybrid circuits. However, beyond a critical power law, long-range interactions result in a continuum of nonconformal universality classes with continuously varying critical exponents. The phase diagram for a one-dimensional, long-range-interacting hybrid circuit model is numerically determined as a function of the power-law exponent and the measurement rate. Furthermore, a theoretical understanding for the critical power law is provided by using an analytic mapping to a long-range quantum Ising model.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2022)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced quantum phases realized in a trapped-ion quantum computer

Crystal Noel et al.

Summary: This study investigates the purification phase transition using random quantum circuits implemented on a trapped-ion quantum computer. Experimental evidence of two phases is found, and numerical calculations demonstrate the emergence of critical properties of the transition.

NATURE PHYSICS (2022)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Symmetry enriched phases of quantum circuits

Yimu Bao et al.

Summary: Quantum circuits composed of random unitary gates and subject to local measurements exhibit a phase transition from volume-law entanglement to area-law entanglement, controlled by the rate of measurement. By extending symmetry associated with the ensemble, new phases without equilibrium counterparts can be predicted. The enlarged symmetry allows for the emergence of novel quantum many-body states that were not supported by the physical circuit symmetry alone.

ANNALS OF PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced topological entanglement transitions in symmetric random quantum circuits

Ali Lavasani et al.

Summary: Studying symmetric random quantum circuits reveals a rich phase diagram involving robust symmetry-protected topological, trivial, and volume law entangled phases, with transitions hidden to expectation values and only apparent through averaging entanglement entropy over quantum trajectories. Measurement-induced criticality and logarithmic entanglement scaling can be induced by measurements alone, and sparse unitary dynamics can stabilize volume law entangled phases in the presence of rapid, competing measurements.

NATURE PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Postselection-Free Entanglement Dynamics via Spacetime Duality

Matteo Ippoliti et al.

Summary: The dynamics of entanglement in hybrid nonunitary circuits involving both unitary gates and quantum measurements have been intensively studied. A proposed method utilizes spacetime duality to overcome the hurdle of postselection on random measurement outcomes in order to prepare output states, mapping the purification dynamics of mixed states onto particular correlation functions in associated unitary circuits. This operational protocol can be implemented on a digital quantum simulator and allows measurement of entanglement phases and subsystem purity.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2021)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement Phase Transitions in Measurement-Only Dynamics

Matteo Ippoliti et al.

Summary: The article explores the entanglement phase transition that unitary circuits can undergo with repeated projective measurements. Surprisingly, it is found that entanglement phase transitions can occur even in the absence of scrambling unitary dynamics, being primarily driven by measurements. The main driving force behind these transitions is the frustration caused by the mutual incompatibility of the measurements.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2021)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement and Purification Transitions in Non-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics

Sarang Gopalakrishnan et al.

Summary: With increasing postselection strength, a quantum system can undergo a spectral phase transition of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, where one phase retains a mixed state and develops volume-law entanglement, while the other phase approaches a unique pure state with low entanglement from an arbitrary initial state. The transition is identified with an exceptional point in the spectrum of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, where PT symmetry is spontaneously broken, and is characterized using exact diagonalization and an approximate mean-field theory.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2021)

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Review Physics, Multidisciplinary

Circuit quantum electrodynamics

Alexandre Blais et al.

Summary: Circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) is an independent and thriving field of research that allows unprecedented detailed study and control of light-matter interaction at the quantum level. It has become essential in current approaches to gate-based digital quantum information processing with superconducting circuits, and also provides a framework for the study of hybrid quantum systems. The coherent coupling of superconducting qubits to microwave photons, dispersive qubit readout, and different regimes of light-matter interaction are key aspects of circuit QED.

REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Quantum Science & Technology

Spacetime duality between localization transitions and measurement-induced transitions

Tsung-Cheng Lu et al.

Summary: This study explores the relationship between two types of systems by changing the spacetime rotation of a circuit, investigating the characteristics of entanglement scaling and phase transitions. By constructing nonunitary circuits, transitions in entanglement scaling were showcased, such as the transition from logarithmic scaling to volume-law scaling in a one-dimensional fermion circuit.

PRX QUANTUM (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced criticality and entanglement clusters: A study of one-dimensional and two-dimensional Clifford circuits

Oliver Lunt et al.

Summary: Entanglement transitions in quantum dynamics represent a novel class of phase transitions in nonequilibrium systems, with a correspondence to classical statistical mechanical models in certain limits. Despite arguments for deviations from the percolation universality class, numerics suggest that many bulk properties behave similarly to percolation, while some differences exist in surface behavior.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Conformal invariance and quantum nonlocality in critical hybrid circuits

Yaodong Li et al.

Summary: We establish the emergence of a conformal field theory in a (1+1)-dimensional hybrid quantum circuit at the measurement-driven entanglement transition. By revealing the space-time conformal covariance of entanglement entropies and mutual information for various subregions at different circuit depths, we emphasize results that are consequences solely of the conformal invariance. Among these are the infinite entangling speed as a consequence of measurement-induced quantum nonlocality and the critical purification dynamics of a mixed initial state.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced purification in large-N hybrid Brownian circuits

Gregory S. Bentsen et al.

Summary: Competition between unitary dynamics and local measurements in quantum entanglement phase transition is studied using an analytically tractable circuit model. It is found that the measurement rate affects the entanglement preservation in the hybrid system. The second-order phase transition below a critical measurement rate is characterized by a mean-field-like behavior and described in terms of a simple Ising field theory in 0 + 1 dimensions. The study also relates the results to quantum error correction and discusses the experimental feasibility of simulating the averaged purity.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced entanglement transitions in the quantum Ising chain: From infinite to zero clicks

Xhek Turkeshi et al.

Summary: We investigated measurement-induced phase transitions in the quantum Ising chain coupled to a monitoring environment. By comparing two different limits of the measurement problem, we found a remarkably similar phenomenology as the measurement strength is increased, leading to a sharp transition from a critical phase with logarithmic scaling of the entanglement to an area-law phase. An effective central charge extracted from the entanglement scaling vanishes continuously at the common transition point, suggesting possibly different universality classes for the two protocols. The central charge mismatch near the transition is interpreted in terms of noise-induced disentanglement, as supported by the emergence of bimodal entanglement statistics near the critical point. The non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and its associated subradiance spectral transition provide a natural framework to understand the extended critical phase and the transition of entanglement into the area law.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-protected quantum phases

Shengqi Sang et al.

Summary: This study introduces a class of hybrid quantum circuits with long-range order in the steady state, capable of direct transitions between area-law entanglement phase and volume-law entanglement phase. It is found that entanglement transitions preserving a global symmetry are in universality classes different from those without symmetry. Generalizations of these hybrid circuits to higher dimensions are analyzed, allowing for coexistence of order and volume-law entanglement, as well as topological order without any symmetry restrictions.

PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Self-organized error correction in random unitary circuits with measurement

Ruihua Fan et al.

Summary: Random measurements induce a phase transition in an extended quantum system under chaotic dynamics, resistant to disentangling action when strength exceeds a threshold. The study quantifies notions by power-law decay of mutual information and logarithmic contribution to entanglement entropy. Utilizing an error-correction viewpoint, a bound on critical measurement strength is obtained as a function of qudit dimension, relevant for qubit transition estimates.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Quantum Science & Technology

Measurement and Entanglement Phase Transitions in All-To-All Quantum Circuits, on Quantum Trees, and in Landau-Ginsburg Theory

Adam Nahum et al.

Summary: This work explores theoretical approaches to measurement-induced phase transitions and entanglement transitions in random tensor networks. Results are presented for all-to-all quantum circuits and spatially local systems of any finite dimensionality, with comparisons made between theory and numerics. Field theories are proposed for different phase transitions, with a surprising difference observed between the measurement phase transition and other cases. Variants of the measurement problem with additional structure, such as free-fermion structure, are also discussed for future research directions.

PRX QUANTUM (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Statistical mechanics of quantum error correcting codes

Yaodong Li et al.

Summary: In this study, stabilizer quantum error correcting codes generated under hybrid dynamics of local Clifford unitaries and local Pauli measurements in one dimension are investigated. A statistical mechanical description of the QECC in terms of entanglement domain walls is proposed, relying on a general formula relating error susceptibility to entanglement properties and a mapping between entanglement entropies and domain wall free energies of an underlying spin model. Numerical evidence supports the correspondences between the information-theoretic decoupling criterion and the geometric decoupling of domain walls, leading to the identification of the contiguous code distance and the protection of a finite code rate against local undetectable errors.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement growth in diffusive systems

Marko Znidaric

COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Quantum Error Correction in Scrambling Dynamics and Measurement-Induced Phase Transition

Soonwon Choi et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Scalable Probes of Measurement-Induced Criticality

Michael J. Gullans et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Diffusive scaling of Renyi entanglement entropy

Tianci Zhou et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Dynamical Purification Phase Transition Induced by Quantum Measurements

Michael J. Gullans et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced entanglement transitions in many-body localized systems

Oliver Lunt et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced phase transition: A case study in the nonintegrable model by density-matrix renormalization group calculations

Qicheng Tang et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement and dynamics of diffusion-annihilation processes with Majorana defects

Adam Nahum et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced quantum criticality under continuous monitoring

Yohei Fuji et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Mean-field entanglement transitions in random tree tensor networks

Javier Lopez-Piqueres et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced criticality in (2+1)-dimensional hybrid quantum circuits

Xhek Turkeshi et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Theory of the phase transition in random unitary circuits with measurements

Yimu Bao et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-induced criticality in random quantum circuits

Chao-Ming Jian et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Critical properties of the measurement-induced transition in random quantum circuits

Aidan Zabalo et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2020)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Sub-ballistic Growth of Renyi Entropies due to Diffusion

Tibor Rakovszky et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2019)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-Induced Phase Transitions in the Dynamics of Entanglement

Brian Skinner et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2019)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Spectral Statistics and Many-Body Quantum Chaos with Conserved Charge

Aaron J. Friedman et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Unitary-projective entanglement dynamics

Amos Chan et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Measurement-driven entanglement transition in hybrid quantum circuits

Yaodong Li et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement transitions from holographic random tensor networks

Romain Vasseur et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Emergent statistical mechanics of entanglement in random unitary circuits

Tianci Zhou et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement transition from variable-strength weak measurements

M. Szyniszewski et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2019)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement in a free fermion chain under continuous monitoring

Xiangyu Cao et al.

SCIPOST PHYSICS (2019)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Operator Hydrodynamics, OTOCs, and Entanglement Growth in Systems without Conservation Laws

C. W. von Keyserlingk et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2018)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Operator Spreading in Random Unitary Circuits

Adam Nahum et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2018)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Operator Spreading and the Emergence of Dissipative Hydrodynamics under Unitary Evolution with Conservation Laws

Vedika Khemani et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2018)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Diffusive Hydrodynamics of Out-of-Time-Ordered Correlators with Charge Conservation

Tibor Rakovszky et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2018)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Quantum Zeno effect and the many-body entanglement transition

Yaodong Li et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2018)

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Article Quantum Science & Technology

Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond

John Preskill

QUANTUM (2018)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Quantum Entanglement Growth under Random Unitary Dynamics

Adam Nahum et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW X (2017)

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Review Physics, Multidisciplinary

Quantum entanglement in condensed matter systems

Nicolas Laflorencie

PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS (2016)

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Article Physics, Particles & Fields

Holographic duality from random tensor networks

Patrick Hayden et al.

JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (2016)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Symmetry constraints on many-body localization

Andrew C. Potter et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Symmetry-protected topological phases from decorated domain walls

Xie Chen et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2014)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Symmetry protected topological orders and the group cohomology of their symmetry group

Xie Chen et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Symmetry-Protected Topological Orders in Interacting Bosonic Systems

Xie Chen et al.

SCIENCE (2012)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

The density-matrix renormalization group in the age of matrix product states

Ulrich Schollwoeck

ANNALS OF PHYSICS (2011)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Colloquium: Area laws for the entanglement entropy

J. Eisert et al.

REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS (2010)

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Review Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement entropy and conformal field theory

Pasquale Calabrese et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL (2009)

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Review Physics, Multidisciplinary

Quantum entanglement

Ryszard Horodecki et al.

REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS (2009)

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Review Physics, Multidisciplinary

Entanglement in many-body systems

Luigi Amico et al.

REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS (2008)

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Article Physics, Fluids & Plasmas

Simultaneous analysis of several models in the three-dimensional Ising universality class -: art. no. 036125

YJ Deng et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW E (2003)

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Entanglement and Charge-Sharpening Transitions in U(1) Symmetric Monitored Quantum Circuits

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